Author, as appears in the article.: García-Layana A, Ciufo G, Toledo E, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Fitó M, Estruch R, Gómez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Portillo MP, Sorli JV, Bulló M, Vinyoles E, Sala-Vila A, Ros E, Salas-Salvadó J, Arós F

Department: Bioquímica i Biotecnologia

e-ISSN: 2072-6643

URV's Author/s: Bulló Bonet, Mònica / Salas Salvadó, Jorge

Keywords: Predimed Nuts Mediterranean diet Low-fat diet Extra-virgin olive oil Cataract surgery Cataract Antioxidants

Abstract: Cataract is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, and surgery is the only available treatment. The process that initiates lens opacification is dependent on the oxidative stress experienced by the lens components. A healthy overall dietary pattern, with the potential to reduce oxidative stress, has been suggested as a means to decrease the risk of developing cataract. We aimed to investigate the hypothesis that an intervention with a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) rather than a low-fat diet could decrease the incidence of cataract surgery in elderly subjects.We included 5802 men and women (age range: 55-80 years) from the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea study (multicenter, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial) who had not undergone cataract surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups: (1) a MedDiet enriched with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) (n = 1998); (2) a MedDiet enriched with nuts (n = 1914), and a control group recommended to follow a low-fat diet (n = 1890). The incidence of cataract surgery was recorded yearly during follow-up clinical evaluations. Primary analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Cox regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between the nutritional intervention and the incidence of cataract surgery.During a follow-up period of 7.0 years (mean follow-up period: 5.7 years; median: 5.9 years), 559 subjects underwent cataract surgery. Two hundred and six participants from the MedDiet + EVOO group, 174 from the MedDiet + Nuts group, and 179 from the control group underwent cataract surgery. We did not observe a reduction in the incidence of cataract surgery in the MedDiet groups compared to the control group. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were 1.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84-1.26, p = 0.79) for the control group versus the MedDiet + EVOO group and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.86-1.31, p = 0.58) for the control group versus the MedDiet + Nuts group.To our knowledge, this is the first large randomized trial assessing the role of a MedDiet on the incidence of cataract surgery. Our results showed that the incidence of cataract surgery was similar in the MedDiet with EVOO, MedDiet with nuts, and low-fat diet groups. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether a MedDiet could have a preventive role in cataract surgery.

Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Psicología Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Nutrition and dietetics Nutrition & dietetics Nutrição Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar Food science Farmacia Engenharias iv Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Economia Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Biotecnología

licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/

ISSN: 20726643

Author's mail: jordi.salas@urv.cat monica.bullo@urv.cat

Author identifier: 0000-0003-2700-7459 0000-0002-0218-7046

Record's date: 2023-02-18

Journal volume: 9

Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Link to the original source: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/5/453/htm

Licence document URL: http://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/

Papper original source: Nutrients. 9 (5): E453-

APA: García-Layana A, Ciufo G, Toledo E, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Fitó M, Estruch R, Gómez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem L, Pintó X, Por (2017). The Effect of a Mediterranean Diet on the Incidence of Cataract Surgery.. Nutrients, 9(5), E453-. DOI: 10.3390/nu9050453

Article's DOI: 10.3390/nu9050453

Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Journal publication year: 2017

Publication Type: Journal Publications