Author, as appears in the article.: Luque V, Escribano J, Closa-Monasterolo R, Zaragoza-Jordana M, Ferré N, Grote V, Koletzko B, Totzauer M, Verduci E, ReDionigi A, Gruszfeld D, Socha P, Rousseaux D, Moretti M, Oddy W, Ambrosini GL

Department: Medicina i Cirurgia

URV's Author/s: Closa Monasterolo, Ricardo / Escribano Subías, Joaquín / Ferre Pallas, Natalia / Luque Moreno, Verònica

Keywords: Tracking dietary patterns Toddlers Infants Exploratory factor analyses Development of dietary habits Children Childhood obesity project

Abstract: Background Dietary habits established in infancy may persist into adulthood and determine long-term health. Objectives The aims of this work were to describe dietary patterns, predictors of adherence to them, and their tracking from ages 1 to 8 y in European children. Methods Three-day food diaries were prospectively collected at ages 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 y. Foods were allocated to 1 of 29 food groups, which were included in exploratory factor analyses at each children's age. The tracking of patterns through childhood was assessed by an estimated general equation model. Results At age 1 y (n = 633), 2 patterns were identified. One was labeled 'core foods' (CORE), since it was positively loaded for vegetables, fish, olive oil, and white and red meat, and negatively loaded for ready-to-eat infant products, sugar, and confectioneries. The other was positively loaded for saturated spreads, sugar, fruit juices, and confectioneries, and negatively loaded for olive oil, fish, and cow milk; this was labeled as the 'poor-quality fats and added sugars' (F&S) pattern. From ages 2 to 8 y, 3 patterns were repeatedly identified: CORE, F&S, and a 'high protein sources' (PROT) pattern that was positively loaded for milk, flavored milks, fish, eggs, white and processed meat, chips, and olive oil, and negatively loaded for fresh fruits at almost all time points. Of those children in the highest quartiles of the CORE, F&S, and PROT patterns at 2 y, 45%, 72%, and 36%, respectively, remained in the highest quartile at 8 y [OR = 2.01 (1.08, 3.8), OR = 3.6 (1.5, 8.4) and OR = 0.80 (0.4,1.6), respectively; P = 0.510]. Conclusions Dietary patterns are established between 1 and 2 y of age and track into mid-childhood. A dietary pattern characterized by added sugars, unhealthy fats, and poor consumption of fish and olive oil was the most stable throughout childhood. Further analyses will reveal whether those dietary patterns are associated with metabolic disease risk.

Thematic Areas: Serviço social Saúde coletiva Odontología Nutrition and dietetics Nutrition & dietetics Nutrição Medicine (miscellaneous) Medicina veterinaria Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar General medicine Farmacia Ensino Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciência de alimentos

licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/

ISSN: 00223166

Author's mail: veronica.luque@urv.cat joaquin.escribano@urv.cat natalia.ferre@urv.cat ricardo.closa@urv.cat

Author identifier: 0000-0003-2615-8175 0000-0002-5041-459X 0000-0002-2838-1525 0000-0002-9963-4163

Record's date: 2023-02-18

Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion

Link to the original source: https://academic.oup.com/jn/article/148/5/752/4990753

Licence document URL: http://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/

Papper original source: Journal Of Nutrition. 148 (5): 752-759

APA: Luque V, Escribano J, Closa-Monasterolo R, Zaragoza-Jordana M, Ferré N, Grote V, Koletzko B, Totzauer M, Verduci E, ReDionigi A, Gruszfeld D, Socha P, (2018). Unhealthy Dietary Patterns Established in Infancy Track to Mid-Childhood: The EU Childhood Obesity Project. Journal Of Nutrition, 148(5), 752-759. DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy025

Article's DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy025

Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Journal publication year: 2018

Publication Type: Journal Publications