Author, as appears in the article.: Sandoval-Ramirez, Berner Andree; Catalan, Ursula; Calderon-Perez, Lorena; Companys, Judit; Pla-Paga, Laura; Ludwig, Iziar A.; Romero, Ma Paz; Sola, Rosa;

Department: Medicina i Cirurgia

URV's Author/s: Calderon Pérez, Lorena / Catalán Santos, Úrsula / Companys Alemany, Judit / PLA PAGA, LAURA / SANDOVAL RAMÍREZ, BERNER ANDRÉE / Solà Alberich, Rosa Maria

Project code: 713679

Keywords: Low-grade inflammation Health-benefits Health Fruits Food matrix Flavonoid intake Endothelial function Disease Consumption Cholesterol Cardiovascular Blood pressure Apple Annurca apple cholesterol cardiovascular blood pressure apple

Abstract: Apples are among the world's most consumed fruits. However, while the impact of whole-apple intake on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unknown. This narrative review summarizes a novel integrated view of whole-apple intake, CVD risk association (through observational studies; OSs), and the effects on CVD risk factors (randomized trials; RTs). In 8 OSs, whole-apple intake was associated with a reduced risk of CVD mortality, ischemic heart disease mortality, stroke mortality, all-cause mortality, and severe abdominal aortic calcification, as well as with lower C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. In 8 RTs, whole-apple consumption reduced total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and plasma inflammatory cytokines, and noticeably reduced CRP, whereas it increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and improved endothelial function. Thus, consuming between 100 and 150 g/day of whole apples is associated with a lower CVD risk and decreases in blood pressure, pulse pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and inflammation status as well as with increases in HDLc and endothelial function. These results, support the regular consumption of whole apples as an aid in the prevention of CVD.

Thematic Areas: Saúde coletiva Nutrition & dietetics Nutrição Medicine (miscellaneous) Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar Industrial and manufacturing engineering General medicine Food science & technology Food science Farmacia Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Biotecnología

licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/

ISSN: 10408398

Author's mail: judit.companys@urv.cat lorena.calderon@urv.cat ursula.catalan@urv.cat rosa.sola@urv.cat lorena.calderon@urv.cat judit.companys@urv.cat judit.companys@urv.cat

Author identifier: 0000-0003-1485-0818 0000-0003-0766-0733 0000-0001-8884-9823 0000-0002-8359-235X 0000-0003-0766-0733 0000-0003-1485-0818 0000-0003-1485-0818

Record's date: 2023-02-22

Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Link to the original source: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10408398.2019.1709801

Funding program: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions - European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme

Licence document URL: http://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/

Papper original source: Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition. 60 (22): 1-14

APA: Sandoval-Ramirez, Berner Andree; Catalan, Ursula; Calderon-Perez, Lorena; Companys, Judit; Pla-Paga, Laura; Ludwig, Iziar A.; Romero, Ma Paz; Sola, Ro (2020). The effects and associations of whole-apple intake on diverse cardiovascular risk factors. A narrative review. Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition, 60(22), 1-14. DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1709801

Acronym: MFP

Article's DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2019.1709801

Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Journal publication year: 2020

Funding program action: Martí i Franquès COFUND Doctoral Programme

Publication Type: Journal Publications