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TITLE:

Unitat de separació d'etilè d'una planta de producció de polipropilè copolímer - TFG:137
Handle:

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TFG137

Student:Lucas Matías Francesconi
Language:cat
Title in original language:Unitat de separació d'etilè d'una planta de producció de polipropilè copolímer
Title in different languages:Design of an ethylene separation unit on a production plant of polypropylene copolymer
Keywords:Ethylene separation, distillation, design
Subject:Enginyeria
Abstract:Unidad de separación de etileno de una planta de producción de polipropileno copolímero 1-3 ABSTRACT The copolymer polypropylene production plant, where the unit is located, use the process Novolen . This is one of several methods of synthesis of polypropylene. Ethylene and propylene are the raw materials. After the reaction zone and the formation of the desired polymer chains, is separated from gas unreacted. The project's goal is the treatment 4340 kg/h of gas , containing 933 kg/h of ethylene and 3068 kg/h of propylene, the rest being secondary products. As the major part of the stream is the fed gas to the reactor, it is interesting reuse of these to increase the efficiency of the process. Two alternative are considered. One of this, which has been a rigorous studied, involves the design of a recovery unit capable of extracting 99 % ethylene of this stream, obtaining a recirculation reactor for 94.2 % of purity. The second possibility is the introduction of a steam generation boiler fed by this stream, but keep in mind that this alternative has been studied as not rigorous as the first alternative. For the separation the process chosen was the distillation of compounds . Initially make the block diagram (BFD) and flowchart (PFD) to define all equipment and pipes that comprise the unit designed. The study of this unit carries a high level of detail, which is the realization of mechanical energy and material balances, with the consequent standardization of pipes, lines and lists of tools, design a suitable control loops for ensure the optimal operation of the process equipment design drivers, control valves and the choice of different safety valves and measuring elements such as orifice plates. Then the design is made of plates , condenser and reboiler of the distillation column, the thermal and mechanical design of heat exchangers and pressure vessels design and its support. Once you have the design, you must make the piping and instrument diagram (P&ID) then completing the specification sheets for all equipment present in the unit. You also need to decide the physical layout of the equipment or layout, which is reflected in the plot plant. The author also isometric input line to the unit. To ensure the integrity of both workers and the installation itself, we make several safety studies, HAZOP and developing the Dow Fire and Explosion of the entire unit, explosion atmosphere areas, study as a possible BLEVE incidents or an escape dispersal by the wind . You need to check that complies with current regulations regarding environmental impact unit designed may cause. It is therefore necessary to conduct a study on the environmental impacts Unidad de separación de etileno de una planta de producción de polipropileno copolímero 2-3 involves specifying the plant and the possible measures to be considered. In addition , there will be a maintenance and operation manual. Although the unit designed to meet all the specifications imposed, follow the current regulations and operate with a high level of security, must ultimately justify economically the feasibility of this project. It carries an estimate of the acquisition of equipment unit , the costs of these operations, and extract profit involves separating ethylene and reintroduce it to the polymerization reactor . Once the unit designed for separation of ethylene production plant polypropylene copolymer, it can be said that has been carried out in the most rigorous design teams, comparing the methods stipulated in the literature with the results of the different simulators available, without obtaining significant differences in most calculations. This procedure has been followed in order to really understand the different parameters that prevail and are a simulation. Once designed the different teams , we can say that the flexibility of operation of the unit is very small and can work between 90 and 100 % of design flow. If it exceeds these margins, column distillation cannot perform the desired separation, either by way of scheme operation or spray is formed by drip. To carry out exchanges of heat needed will be necessary to have a team capable of cooling and condensing propylene cooled at -40 °C to liquefy the fluid process and introduce it to the distillation column , which is consisting of 31 perforated plates. Once the design of the equipment , there has been a comprehensive study of security, conducting a HAZOP, analyzing potential security risks and thus modifying the control system proposed initially, the Dow, which stipulates that the risk of operation is moderate, we studied whether the atmosphere is explosive unit, classifying it as ATEX Zone 2 level, little probable and hypothetical case of a leak and production in a BLEVE container lung, which affects more than 250 meters away. We have also studied the issues that affect the local environment , and waste that can be generated. Classified the impacts would be carried out both during the construction and operational phase . Also taken into account the energy savings of the plant with the current conditions. Almost all equipment, pipes and fittings are covered with insulating material, either high or low temperature. Finally the study has been performed to verify the economic viability of the project, obtaining an NPV (10%) € 15,692,174.75 and an IRR of 81 %, recovering the investment before the end Unidad de separación de etileno de una planta de producción de polipropileno copolímero 3-3 of the second year. On the other side was compared with the ability to generate steam from this stream, but is completely discarded the results obtained , being the NPV (10%) of € 425,250.72 and IRR 21 %.
Project director:Josep Basco Montia
Department:Enginyeria Química
Education area(s):Enginyeria Química
Entity:Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)
TFG credits:12
Creation date in repository:2015-02-27
Work's public defense date:2014-05-28
Academic year:2013-2014
Confidenciality:No
Subject areas:Chemical engineering
Work's type:Industrial
Access rights:info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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