Plasma branched chain/aromatic amino acids

Identifier:  imarina:3422566

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina3422566

Authors:  Ruiz-Canela, Miguel; Guasch-Ferre, Marta; Toledo, Estefania; Clish, Clary B; Razquin, Cristina; Liang, Liming; Wang, Dong D; Corella, Dolores; Estruch, Ramon; Hernaez, Alvaro; Yu, Edward; Gomez-Gracia, Enrique; Zheng, Yan; Aros, Fernando; Romaguera, Dora; Dennis, Courtney; Ros, Emilio; Lapetra, Jose; Serra-Majem, Lluis; Papandreou, Christopher; Portoles, Olga; Fito, Montserrat; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Hu, Frank B; Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel A

Abstract:
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) are associated with type 2 diabetes. However, repeated measurements of BCAA/AAA and their interactions with dietary interventions have not been evaluated. We investigated the associations between baseline and changes at 1 year in BCAA/AAA with type 2 diabetes in the context of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) trial.We included 251 participants with incident type 2 diabetes and a random sample of 694 participants (641 participants without type 2 diabetes and 53 overlapping cases) in a case-cohort study nested within the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Participants were randomised to a MedDiet+extra-virgin olive oil (n?=?273), a MedDiet+nuts (n?=?324) or a control diet (n?=?295). We used LC-MS/MS to measure plasma levels of amino acids. Type 2 diabetes was a pre-specified secondary outcome of the PREDIMED trial.Elevated plasma levels of individual BCAAs/AAAs were associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk after a median follow-up of 3.8 years: multivariable HR for the highest vs lowest quartile ranged from 1.32 for phenylalanine ([95% CI 0.90, 1.92], p for trend?=?0.015) to 3.29 for leucine ([95% CI 2.03, 5.34], p for trend<0.001). Increases in BCAA score at 1 year were associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk in the control group with HR per SD?=?1.61 (95% CI 1.02, 2.54), but not in the MedDiet groups (p for interaction <0.001). The MedDiet+extra-virgin olive oil significantly reduced BCAA levels after 1 year of intervention (p?= 0.005 vs the control group).Our results support that higher baseline BCAAs and their increases at 1 year were associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. A Mediterranean diet rich in extra-virgin olive oil significantly reduced the levels of BCAA and attenuated the positive association between plasma BCAA levels and type 2 diabetes incidence. Clinical trial number: SRCTN35739639 ( www.controlled-trials.com ).