Author, as appears in the article.: Angeles Martinez, Mari; Castro, Irma; Rovira, Joaquim; Ares, Susana; Miguel Rodriguez, Juan; Cristina Cunha, Sara; Casal, Susana; Oliveira Fernandes, Jose; Schuhmacher, Marta; Nadal, Marti
Department: Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Enginyeria Química
URV's Author/s: Martínez Rodríguez, María Ángeles / Nadal Lomas, Martí / Rovira Solano, Joaquim / Schuhmacher Ansuategui, Marta
Keywords: Trace elements; Polybrominated biphenyls; Phenols; Milk, human; Life; Infant formula; Infant; Humans; Human milk; Formula milk; Fatty acids; Dietary exposure; Chemical elements; Bisphenol a; Benzhydryl compounds; formula milk; fatty acids; chemical elements; bisphenol a
Abstract: In the present study, the presence of a wide spectrum of major and trace elements (As, Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Sr, Sb, Se, Sn, Pb, V, and Zn), fatty acids, as well as some pollutants like free and total BPA and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), was analysed in human milk (n = 53) and infant formula (n = 50) samples. In addition, the infant exposure to these chemicals was assessed. The content of free BPA and several elements (Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Sn, Sr, and Zn) was higher (p < 0.01) in infant formula samples. Furthermore, human milk contained levels of BPA and elements that, in almost all cases, were well below their respective EFSA and/or WHO thresholds, being also independent of the maternal characteristics (e.g., age, BMI or breastfeeding period). The fatty acid profiling also revealed major differences between human milk and infant formulas, which should be taken in account in the development of new formulas as well as in specific recommendations for the diet of breastfeeding mothers. Anyway, the results of this study reinforce that breastfeeding should be always the first feeding option in early life.
Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros; Saúde coletiva; Química; Public, environmental & occupational health; Public health, environmental and occupational health; Psicología; Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia; Odontología; Medicina iii; Medicina ii; Medicina i; Materiais; Interdisciplinar; Geociências; General medicine; General environmental science; Farmacia; Environmental sciences; Environmental science (miscellaneous); Environmental science (all); Ensino; Engenharias iii; Engenharias ii; Engenharias i; Enfermagem; Educação física; Direito; Ciências biológicas iii; Ciências biológicas ii; Ciências biológicas i; Ciências ambientais; Ciências agrárias i; Ciência de alimentos; Biotecnología; Biodiversidade; Biochemistry; Astronomia / física
ISSN: 00139351
Author's mail: mangeles.martinez@urv.cat; joaquim.rovira@urv.cat; marti.nadal@urv.cat; marta.schuhmacher@urv.cat
Last page: 255
Record's date: 2025-02-19
Journal volume: 169
Paper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion
Link to the original source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013935118306005
Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
Paper original source: Environmental Research. 169 246-255
APA: Angeles Martinez, Mari; Castro, Irma; Rovira, Joaquim; Ares, Susana; Miguel Rodriguez, Juan; Cristina Cunha, Sara; Casal, Susana; Oliveira Fernandes, (2019). Early-life intake of major trace elements, bisphenol A, tetrabromobisphenol A and fatty acids: Comparing human milk and commercial infant formulas. Environmental Research, 169(), 246-255. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.017
Article's DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.017
Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Journal publication year: 2019
First page: 246
Publication Type: Journal Publications
Repositori URV