Articles producció científica> Bioquímica i Biotecnologia

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Lifestyle Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:6012545
    Authors:
    Uusitupa, MattiKhan, Tauseef A.Viguiliouk, EffieKahleova, HanaRivellese, Angela A.Hermansen, KjeldPfeiffer, AndreasThanopoulou, AnastasiaSalas-Salvado, JordiSchwab, UrsulaSievenpiper, John L.
    Abstract:
    Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a great challenge worldwide. The aim of this evidence synthesis was to summarize the available evidence in order to update the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy. We conducted a systematic review and, where appropriate, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) carried out in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (six studies) or dysmetabolism (one study) to answer the following questions: What is the evidence that T2D is preventable by lifestyle changes? What is the optimal diet (with a particular focus on diet quality) for prevention, and does the prevention of T2D result in a lower risk of late complications of T2D? The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to assess the certainty of the trial evidence. Altogether seven RCTs (N = 4090) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnosis of incident diabetes was based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The overall risk reduction of T2D by the lifestyle interventions was 0.53 (95% CI 0.41; 0.67). Most of the trials aimed to reduce weight, increase physical activity, and apply a diet relatively low in saturated fat and high in fiber. The PREDIMED trial that did not meet eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis was used in the final assessment of diet quality. We conclude that T2D is preventable by changing lifestyle and the risk reduction is sustained for many years after the active intervention (high certainty of evidence). Healthy dietary changes based on the current recommendations and the Mediterranean dietary pattern can be recommended for the long-term prevention of diabetes
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Uusitupa, Matti; Khan, Tauseef A.; Viguiliouk, Effie; Kahleova, Hana; Rivellese, Angela A.; Hermansen, Kjeld; Pfeiffer, Andreas; Thanopoulou, Anastasia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Schwab, Ursula; Sievenpiper, John L.;
    Department: Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
    URV's Author/s: Salas Salvadó, Jorge
    Keywords: Weight-loss Type 2 diabetes Prevention Post-hoc analysis Physical-activity Mediterranean diet Lifestyles Insulin-secretion Impaired glucose-tolerance Follow-up Findings tables Eating patterns Diet Complications Cardiovascular-disease
    Abstract: Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a great challenge worldwide. The aim of this evidence synthesis was to summarize the available evidence in order to update the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy. We conducted a systematic review and, where appropriate, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) carried out in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (six studies) or dysmetabolism (one study) to answer the following questions: What is the evidence that T2D is preventable by lifestyle changes? What is the optimal diet (with a particular focus on diet quality) for prevention, and does the prevention of T2D result in a lower risk of late complications of T2D? The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to assess the certainty of the trial evidence. Altogether seven RCTs (N = 4090) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnosis of incident diabetes was based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The overall risk reduction of T2D by the lifestyle interventions was 0.53 (95% CI 0.41; 0.67). Most of the trials aimed to reduce weight, increase physical activity, and apply a diet relatively low in saturated fat and high in fiber. The PREDIMED trial that did not meet eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis was used in the final assessment of diet quality. We conclude that T2D is preventable by changing lifestyle and the risk reduction is sustained for many years after the active intervention (high certainty of evidence). Healthy dietary changes based on the current recommendations and the Mediterranean dietary pattern can be recommended for the long-term prevention of diabetes. There is limited or insufficient data to show that prevention of T2D by lifestyle changes results in a lower risk of cardiovascular and microvascular complications.
    Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Psicología Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Nutrition and dietetics Nutrition & dietetics Nutrição Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar Food science Farmacia Engenharias iv Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Economia Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Biotecnología
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: jordi.salas@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0003-2700-7459
    Record's date: 2023-02-18
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Link to the original source: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2611
    Papper original source: Nutrients. 11 (11):
    APA: Uusitupa, Matti; Khan, Tauseef A.; Viguiliouk, Effie; Kahleova, Hana; Rivellese, Angela A.; Hermansen, Kjeld; Pfeiffer, Andreas; Thanopoulou, Anastasi (2019). Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Lifestyle Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 11(11), -. DOI: 10.3390/nu11112611
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Article's DOI: 10.3390/nu11112611
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2019
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Food Science,Nutrition & Dietetics,Nutrition and Dietetics
    Weight-loss
    Type 2 diabetes
    Prevention
    Post-hoc analysis
    Physical-activity
    Mediterranean diet
    Lifestyles
    Insulin-secretion
    Impaired glucose-tolerance
    Follow-up
    Findings tables
    Eating patterns
    Diet
    Complications
    Cardiovascular-disease
    Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Psicología
    Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia
    Nutrition and dietetics
    Nutrition & dietetics
    Nutrição
    Medicina veterinaria
    Medicina iii
    Medicina ii
    Medicina i
    Interdisciplinar
    Food science
    Farmacia
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias ii
    Enfermagem
    Educação física
    Economia
    Ciências biológicas iii
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências agrárias i
    Ciência de alimentos
    Biotecnología
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