Articles producció científica> Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica

Study on the Reading of Energy-Harvested Implanted NFC Tags Using Mobile Phones

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:6062397
    Authors:
    Lazaro ABoada MVillarino RGirbau D
    Abstract:
    © 2019 IEEE. In this paper we study the read range of implanted sensors based on batteryless, Near-Field Communication (NFC) integrated circuits (IC) using an NFC-equipped smartphone as a reader. The most important challenges are the low coupling between loops of different sizes, the limited quality factor imposed by the bandwidth communication, the effects of the body on propagation, and the detuning of the antennas. Two systems are analyzed: A conventional system based on resonant coupling between two coils; and a system based on resonant coupling between three coils. With the latter, a relay antenna is attached to a patch, which is adhered to the skin. Simulations and measurements show that the quality factor of both antennas can be improved by including a spacer made of low-permittivity material. A circuit model is proposed for the implanted and relay antenna, which simplifies its usage in circuit simulators. Some implanted and relay antenna prototypes are analyzed and a system model that includes a nonlinear model of the tag is used to analyze the maximum depth at which the implant can be read. Our experimental results show that the system based on three coils performs much better performance at longer distances and is more robust to misalignments between coils. A $15\times 15$ mm-implanted tag with commercial NFC IC and energy harvesting can be read using commercial smartphones. It can feed sensors at a distance of up to 16 mm inside the body and at a distance of 3 cm from the skin. Our results also show that data previously stored in the IC memory can be transferred to the reader located at distances of up to 2 cm and 3.8 cm for the 2-coil and 3-coil systems, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of batteryless NFC sensors for biomedical and wearabl
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Lazaro A; Boada M; Villarino R; Girbau D
    Department: Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica
    URV's Author/s: Boada Cuerva, Maria / Girbau Sala, David / LÁZARO ALVARADO, ANDRÉS FELIPE / Lázaro Guillén, Antonio Ramon / Villarino Villarino, Ramón Maria
    Keywords: Wireless power transfer (wpt) Wireless power transfer System Radiofrequency identification (rfid) Near-field communication (nfc) Internet of things (iot) Implantable medical device Glucose Energy harvesting Dielectric-properties Biological tissues Batteryless Antenna
    Abstract: © 2019 IEEE. In this paper we study the read range of implanted sensors based on batteryless, Near-Field Communication (NFC) integrated circuits (IC) using an NFC-equipped smartphone as a reader. The most important challenges are the low coupling between loops of different sizes, the limited quality factor imposed by the bandwidth communication, the effects of the body on propagation, and the detuning of the antennas. Two systems are analyzed: A conventional system based on resonant coupling between two coils; and a system based on resonant coupling between three coils. With the latter, a relay antenna is attached to a patch, which is adhered to the skin. Simulations and measurements show that the quality factor of both antennas can be improved by including a spacer made of low-permittivity material. A circuit model is proposed for the implanted and relay antenna, which simplifies its usage in circuit simulators. Some implanted and relay antenna prototypes are analyzed and a system model that includes a nonlinear model of the tag is used to analyze the maximum depth at which the implant can be read. Our experimental results show that the system based on three coils performs much better performance at longer distances and is more robust to misalignments between coils. A $15\times 15$ mm-implanted tag with commercial NFC IC and energy harvesting can be read using commercial smartphones. It can feed sensors at a distance of up to 16 mm inside the body and at a distance of 3 cm from the skin. Our results also show that data previously stored in the IC memory can be transferred to the reader located at distances of up to 2 cm and 3.8 cm for the 2-coil and 3-coil systems, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of batteryless NFC sensors for biomedical and wearable applications using mobile phones as readers.
    Thematic Areas: Telecommunications Materials science (miscellaneous) Materials science (all) General materials science General engineering General computer science Engineering, electrical & electronic Engineering (miscellaneous) Engineering (all) Engenharias iv Engenharias iii Electrical and electronic engineering Computer science, information systems Computer science (miscellaneous) Computer science (all) Ciência da computação
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    ISSN: 2169-3536
    Author's mail: maria.boada@urv.cat antonioramon.lazaro@urv.cat david.girbau@urv.cat maria.boada@urv.cat ramon.villarino@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0003-1446-4490 0000-0003-3160-5777 0000-0003-1446-4490 0000-0001-9692-8943
    Record's date: 2024-10-12
    Journal volume: 8
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Link to the original source: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8943414
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Papper original source: Ieee Access. 8 2200-2221
    APA: Lazaro A; Boada M; Villarino R; Girbau D (2020). Study on the Reading of Energy-Harvested Implanted NFC Tags Using Mobile Phones. Ieee Access, 8(), 2200-2221. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2962570
    Article's DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2962570
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2020
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Computer Science (Miscellaneous),Computer Science, Information Systems,Engineering (Miscellaneous),Engineering, Electrical & Electronic,Materials Science (Miscellaneous),Telecommunications
    Wireless power transfer (wpt)
    Wireless power transfer
    System
    Radiofrequency identification (rfid)
    Near-field communication (nfc)
    Internet of things (iot)
    Implantable medical device
    Glucose
    Energy harvesting
    Dielectric-properties
    Biological tissues
    Batteryless
    Antenna
    Telecommunications
    Materials science (miscellaneous)
    Materials science (all)
    General materials science
    General engineering
    General computer science
    Engineering, electrical & electronic
    Engineering (miscellaneous)
    Engineering (all)
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias iii
    Electrical and electronic engineering
    Computer science, information systems
    Computer science (miscellaneous)
    Computer science (all)
    Ciência da computação
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