Fish Oil Improves Pathway-Oriented Profiling of Lipid Mediators for Maintaining Metabolic Homeostasis in Adipose Tissue of Prediabetic Rats

Author, as appears in the article.: Dasilva, Gabriel; Lois, Salome; Mendez, Lucia; Miralles-Perez, Bernat; Romeu, Marta; Ramos-Romero, Sara; Torres, Josep L; Medina, Isabel

Department: Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques

URV's Author/s: Miralles Pérez, Bernat / Romeu Ferran, Marta

Keywords: Ω3 lipid mediators; Xylazine; Upregulation; Ultrasound; Ultra performance liquid chromatography; Triacylglycerol; Transesterification; Tandem mass spectrometry; Specialized resolvers; Soybean oil; Saturated fatty acid; Rats; Rat; Protein fingerprinting; Prostaglandin; Procedures; Prediabetes; Phenotype; Peripheral blood mononuclear cell; Oxidative stress; Oleic acid; Obesity; Nonhuman; Metabolite; Metabolism; Metabolic networks and pathways; Mass spectrometry; Male; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Liquid chromatography; Lipoxygenase; Lipotoxicity; Lipidomics; Lipidome; Lipid storage; Lipid metabolism; Linoleic acid; Leptin; Ketamine; Insulin; Inflammation mediators; Inflammation; Homeostasis; Glucose blood level; Glucose; Gas chromatography; Food intake; Fish oils; Fish oil; Fatty-acids; Fatty acid analysis; Epa; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; Enzyme activity; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Drug effect; Down regulation; Dietary intake; Diet supplementation; Diet; Dha; Decomposition; Cytochrome p450; Chromatography, liquid; Cholesterol blood level; Cd59 antigen; Carbohydrate intake; Biomarkers; Biological marker; Autacoid; Article; Antiinflammatory activity; Animals; Animal tissue; Animal model; Animal experiment; Animal; Alanine aminotransferase; Adipose tissue; Adipogenesis; ?3 lipid mediators; ω 3 lipid mediators

Abstract: Adipose tissue is now recognized as an active organ with an important homeostatic function in glucose and lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. The present research investigates the role of lipid mediators and lipid profiling for controlling inflammation and the metabolic normal function of white adipose tissue from rats suffering from diet-induced prediabetes. Additionally, the contribution to the adipose lipidome induced by the consumption of marine omega-3 PUFAs as potential regulators of inflammation is addressed. For that, the effects on the inflammatory response triggered by high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diets were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Using SPE-LC-MS/MS-based metabolo-lipidomics, a range of eicosanoids, docosanoids and specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) were measured in white adipose tissue. The inflammatory response occurring in prediabetic adipose tissue was associated with the decomposition of ARA epoxides to ARA-dihydroxides, the reduction of oxo-derivatives and the formation of prostaglandins (PGs). In an attempt to control the inflammatory response initiated, LOX and non-enzymatic oxidation shifted toward the production of the less pro-inflammatory EPA and DHA metabolites rather than the high pro-inflammatory ARA hydroxides. Additionally, the change in LOX activity induced the production of intermediate hydroxides precursors of SPMs as protectins (PDs), resolvins (Rvs) and maresins (MaRs). This compensatory mechanism to achieve the restoration of tissue homeostasis was significantly strengthened through supplementation with fish oils. Increasing proportions of omega-3 PUFAs in adipose tissue significantly stimulated the formation of DHA-epoxides by cytochrome P450, the production of non-enzymatic EPA-metabolites and prompted the activity of 12LOX. Finally, protectin PDX was significantly reduced in the adipose tissue of prediabetic rats and highly enhanced through omega-3 PUFAs supplementation. Taken together, these actively coordinated modifications constitute key mechanisms to restore adipose tissue homeostasis with an important role of lipid mediators. This compensatory mechanism is reinforced through the supplementation of the diet with fish oils with high and balanced contents of EPA and DHA. The study highlights new insides on the targets for effective treatment of incipient diet-induced diabetes and the mechanism underlying the potential anti-inflammatory action of marine lipids.

Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros; Saúde coletiva; Química; Odontología; Nutrição; Medicina veterinaria; Medicina iii; Medicina ii; Medicina i; Interdisciplinar; Immunology and allergy; Immunology; Farmacia; Engenharias iii; Engenharias ii; Ciências biológicas iii; Ciências biológicas ii; Ciências biológicas i; Ciência de alimentos; Biotecnología; Biodiversidade

licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/

Author's mail: bmirallesperez@gmail.com; marta.romeu@urv.cat

Record's date: 2025-02-19

Paper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Link to the original source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33968013/

Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/

Paper original source: Frontiers In Immunology. 12 (608875): 608875-

APA: Dasilva, Gabriel; Lois, Salome; Mendez, Lucia; Miralles-Perez, Bernat; Romeu, Marta; Ramos-Romero, Sara; Torres, Josep L; Medina, Isabel (2021). Fish Oil Improves Pathway-Oriented Profiling of Lipid Mediators for Maintaining Metabolic Homeostasis in Adipose Tissue of Prediabetic Rats. Frontiers In Immunology, 12(608875), 608875-. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.608875

Article's DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.608875

Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Journal publication year: 2021

Publication Type: Journal Publications