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Reliability and External Validity of Personality Test Scores: The Role of Person and Item Error

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:9216312
    Authors:
    Ferrando, Pere JNavarro-Gonzalez, David
    Abstract:
    Background: This article explores the suitability of a proposed Dual model, in which both people and items are sources of measurement error, by assessing how the test scores are expected to behave in terms of marginal reliability and external validity when the model holds. Method: Analytical derivations are produced for predicting: (a) the impact of person and item errors in the amount of marginal reliability and external validity, as well as the occurrence of ceiling effects; (b) the changes in test reliability across groups with different average amounts of person error, and (c) the phenomenon of differential predictability. Two empirical studies are also used both as an illustration and as a check of the predicted results. Results: Results show that the model-based predictions agree with existing evidence as well as with basic principles in classical test theory. However, the additional inclusion of individuals as a source of error leads to new explanations and predictions. Conclusions: The proposal and results provide new sources of information in personality assessment as well as of evidence of model suitability. They also help to explain some disappointing recurrent results.
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Ferrando, Pere J; Navarro-Gonzalez, David
    Department: Psicologia
    URV's Author/s: Ferrando Piera, Pere Joan / Navarro González, David
    Keywords: Reproducibility of results Reproducibility Personality tests Personality test Personality measurement Personality disorders Personality disorder Personality Person fluctuation Marginal reliability Item discrimination Humans Human External validity Differential predictability
    Abstract: Background: This article explores the suitability of a proposed Dual model, in which both people and items are sources of measurement error, by assessing how the test scores are expected to behave in terms of marginal reliability and external validity when the model holds. Method: Analytical derivations are produced for predicting: (a) the impact of person and item errors in the amount of marginal reliability and external validity, as well as the occurrence of ceiling effects; (b) the changes in test reliability across groups with different average amounts of person error, and (c) the phenomenon of differential predictability. Two empirical studies are also used both as an illustration and as a check of the predicted results. Results: Results show that the model-based predictions agree with existing evidence as well as with basic principles in classical test theory. However, the additional inclusion of individuals as a source of error leads to new explanations and predictions. Conclusions: The proposal and results provide new sources of information in personality assessment as well as of evidence of model suitability. They also help to explain some disappointing recurrent results.
    Thematic Areas: Serviço social Psychology, multidisciplinary Psychology (miscellaneous) Psychology (all) Psychology Psicología Interdisciplinar General psychology Educação Ciencias sociales
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: perejoan.ferrando@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0002-3133-5466
    Record's date: 2024-10-12
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Link to the original source: http://www.psicothema.com/english/psicothema.asp?id=4672
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Papper original source: Psicothema. 33 (2): 259-267
    APA: Ferrando, Pere J; Navarro-Gonzalez, David (2021). Reliability and External Validity of Personality Test Scores: The Role of Person and Item Error. Psicothema, 33(2), 259-267. DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2020.346
    Article's DOI: 10.7334/psicothema2020.346
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2021
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Psychology,Psychology (Miscellaneous),Psychology, Multidisciplinary
    Reproducibility of results
    Reproducibility
    Personality tests
    Personality test
    Personality measurement
    Personality disorders
    Personality disorder
    Personality
    Person fluctuation
    Marginal reliability
    Item discrimination
    Humans
    Human
    External validity
    Differential predictability
    Serviço social
    Psychology, multidisciplinary
    Psychology (miscellaneous)
    Psychology (all)
    Psychology
    Psicología
    Interdisciplinar
    General psychology
    Educação
    Ciencias sociales
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