Articles producció científica> Enginyeria Química

Emerging and legacy flame retardants in indoor air and dust samples of Tarragona Province (Catalonia, Spain)

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:9229335
    Authors:
    Esplugas, RoserRovira, JoaquimMari, MontseFernandez-Arribas, JulioEljarrat, EthelDomingo, Jose LSchuhmacher, Marta
    Abstract:
    Flame retardants (FRs) are widely used in consumer products including furniture foam and electronic equipment such as computers, monitors and TVs. Over time, FRs can easily migrate into the surrounding environments. Since brominated FRs (BFRs) has been determined of high concern due to their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and potential toxicity, novel FRs have emerged. The present study was aimed at identifying and quantifying the indoor levels of 41 legacy and novel FRs, which include 20 OPFRs and 21 HFRs (8 PBDEs, 3 HBCDDs, 5 NBFRs and 5 DECs) in Tarragona Province (Catalonia, Spain). The results have confirmed the presence of both legacy and novel FRs in air and dust of homes, schools and offices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first European study measuring OPFRs at office environments and also confirming the presence of the following OPFRs: TEP, TCIPP, T2IPPP, TPPO, DCP, TMCP and B4IPPPP in indoor air, even some of them at high levels. OPFRs in general and TCIPP in particular showed high concentrations in air (94,599 pg/m3 and 72,281 pg/m3, respectively) and dust (32,084 ng/g and 13,496 ng/g, respectively) samples collected in indoor environments. HBCDDs were found at high levels in dust (32,185 ng/g), whereas the presence of PBDEs and DECs were low in both matrices (<160 pg/m3 in air and <832 ng/g in dust). NBFRs showed higher levels than the two legacy FRs groups, which is supported by the current restrictions of these FRs (640 pg/m3 in air and 1291 ng/g in dust). Samples of schools had significantly lower levels of NBFRs, but significantly higher concentrations of HFRs in air than in home samples, while dust levels of HFRs were significantly lower than those in samples of offices. Regarding human health risks, the current assessment sugges
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Esplugas, Roser; Rovira, Joaquim; Mari, Montse; Fernandez-Arribas, Julio; Eljarrat, Ethel; Domingo, Jose L; Schuhmacher, Marta
    Department: Enginyeria Química Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques
    URV's Author/s: Domingo Roig, José Luis / Esplugas Borràs, Roser / Mari Marcos, Montserrat / Rovira Solano, Joaquim / Schuhmacher Ansuategui, Marta
    Keywords: Tarragona province (catalonia spain) Organophosphate frs (opfrs) Novel brominated frs (nbfrs) Indoor air In-house dust Flame retardants (frs) Dust tarragona province (catalonia spain) risk-assessment phosphate pbdes organophosphate frs (opfrs) organophosphate esters novel brominated frs (nbfrs) matrices indoor air human exposure health gas environments dust
    Abstract: Flame retardants (FRs) are widely used in consumer products including furniture foam and electronic equipment such as computers, monitors and TVs. Over time, FRs can easily migrate into the surrounding environments. Since brominated FRs (BFRs) has been determined of high concern due to their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and potential toxicity, novel FRs have emerged. The present study was aimed at identifying and quantifying the indoor levels of 41 legacy and novel FRs, which include 20 OPFRs and 21 HFRs (8 PBDEs, 3 HBCDDs, 5 NBFRs and 5 DECs) in Tarragona Province (Catalonia, Spain). The results have confirmed the presence of both legacy and novel FRs in air and dust of homes, schools and offices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first European study measuring OPFRs at office environments and also confirming the presence of the following OPFRs: TEP, TCIPP, T2IPPP, TPPO, DCP, TMCP and B4IPPPP in indoor air, even some of them at high levels. OPFRs in general and TCIPP in particular showed high concentrations in air (94,599 pg/m3 and 72,281 pg/m3, respectively) and dust (32,084 ng/g and 13,496 ng/g, respectively) samples collected in indoor environments. HBCDDs were found at high levels in dust (32,185 ng/g), whereas the presence of PBDEs and DECs were low in both matrices (<160 pg/m3 in air and <832 ng/g in dust). NBFRs showed higher levels than the two legacy FRs groups, which is supported by the current restrictions of these FRs (640 pg/m3 in air and 1291 ng/g in dust). Samples of schools had significantly lower levels of NBFRs, but significantly higher concentrations of HFRs in air than in home samples, while dust levels of HFRs were significantly lower than those in samples of offices. Regarding human health risks, the current assessment suggests that those derived from exposure to FRs were lower -although close- to assumable risks, evidencing the potential of FRs for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, mainly due to the exposure to TCIPP, which was the main contributor together with ΣHBCDDs and also EHDPP.
    Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Waste management and disposal Saúde coletiva Química Pollution Odontología Nutrição Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Materiais Matemática / probabilidade e estatística Interdisciplinar Historia Geografía Geociências Farmacia Environmental sciences Environmental engineering Environmental chemistry Ensino Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Engenharias i Enfermagem Direito Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Ciência da computação Biotecnología Biodiversidade Astronomia / física
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: joaquim.rovira@urv.cat joseluis.domingo@urv.cat montserrat.mari@urv.cat marta.schuhmacher@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0003-4399-6138 0000-0001-6647-9470 0000-0001-8971-3856 0000-0003-4381-2490
    Record's date: 2024-10-12
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Link to the original source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721055716?via%3Dihub
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Papper original source: Science Of The Total Environment. 806 (Pt 1): 150494-
    APA: Esplugas, Roser; Rovira, Joaquim; Mari, Montse; Fernandez-Arribas, Julio; Eljarrat, Ethel; Domingo, Jose L; Schuhmacher, Marta (2022). Emerging and legacy flame retardants in indoor air and dust samples of Tarragona Province (Catalonia, Spain). Science Of The Total Environment, 806(Pt 1), 150494-. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150494
    Article's DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150494
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2022
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Environmental Chemistry,Environmental Engineering,Environmental Sciences,Pollution,Waste Management and Disposal
    Tarragona province (catalonia spain)
    Organophosphate frs (opfrs)
    Novel brominated frs (nbfrs)
    Indoor air
    In-house dust
    Flame retardants (frs)
    Dust
    tarragona province (catalonia spain)
    risk-assessment
    phosphate
    pbdes
    organophosphate frs (opfrs)
    organophosphate esters
    novel brominated frs (nbfrs)
    matrices
    indoor air
    human exposure
    health
    gas
    environments
    dust
    Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros
    Waste management and disposal
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Pollution
    Odontología
    Nutrição
    Medicina veterinaria
    Medicina iii
    Medicina ii
    Medicina i
    Materiais
    Matemática / probabilidade e estatística
    Interdisciplinar
    Historia
    Geografía
    Geociências
    Farmacia
    Environmental sciences
    Environmental engineering
    Environmental chemistry
    Ensino
    Engenharias iii
    Engenharias ii
    Engenharias i
    Enfermagem
    Direito
    Ciências biológicas iii
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências ambientais
    Ciências agrárias i
    Ciência de alimentos
    Ciência da computação
    Biotecnología
    Biodiversidade
    Astronomia / física
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