Author, as appears in the article.: Marquès M; Correig E; Ibarretxe D; Anoro E; Antonio Arroyo J; Jericó C; Borrallo RM; Miret M; Näf S; Pardo A; Perea V; Pérez-Bernalte R; Ramírez-Montesinos R; Royuela M; Soler C; Urquizu-Padilla M; Zamora A; Pedro-Botet J; Masana L; Domingo JL
Department: Medicina i Cirurgia Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques
URV's Author/s: Correig Fraga, Eudald / Domingo Roig, José Luis / Ibarretxe Gerediaga, Daiana / Marquès Bueno, Montserrat / Masana Marín, Luis
Keywords: Pm10 Covid-19 severity Covid-19 mortality Covid-19 Air-pollution risks population pm10 covid-19 severity covid-19 mortality associations
Abstract: Background: Age, sex, race and comorbidities are insufficient to explain why some individuals remain asymptomatic after SARS-CoV-2 infection, while others die. In this sense, the increased risk caused by the long-term exposure to air pollution is being investigated to understand the high heterogeneity of the COVID-19 infection course. Objectives: We aimed to assess the underlying effect of long-term exposure to NO2 and PM10 on the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted with 2112 patients suffering COVID-19 infection. We built two sets of multivariate predictive models to assess the relationship between the long-term exposure to NO2 and PM10 and COVID-19 outcome. First, the probability of either death or severe COVID-19 outcome was predicted as a function of all the clinical variables together with the pollutants exposure by means of two regularized logistic regressions. Subsequently, two regularized linear regressions were constructed to predict the percentage of dead or severe patients. Finally, odds ratios and effects estimates were calculated. Results: We found that the long-term exposure to PM10 is a more important variable than some already stated comorbidities (i.e.: COPD/Asthma, diabetes, obesity) in the prediction of COVID-19 severity and mortality. PM10 showed the highest effects estimates (1.65, 95% CI 1.32–2.06) on COVID-19 severity. For mortality, the highest effect estimates corresponded to age (3.59, 95% CI 2.94–4.40), followed by PM10 (2.37, 95% CI 1.71–3.32). Finally, an increase of 1 µg/m3 in PM10 concentration causes an increase of 3.06% (95% CI 1.11%-4.25%) of patients suffering COVID-19 as a severe disease and an increase of 2.68% (95% CI 0.53%-5.58%) of deaths. Discussion: These results demonstrate that long-term PM10 burdens above WHO guidelines exacerbate COVID-19 health outcomes. Hence, WHO guidelines, the air quality standard established by the Directive 2008/50/EU, and that of the US-EPA should be updated accordingly to protect human health.
Thematic Areas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar Geociências General medicine General environmental science Farmacia Environmental sciences Environmental science (miscellaneous) Environmental science (all) Engenharias iv Engenharias ii Engenharias i Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Biotecnología Biodiversidade Astronomia / física Administração pública e de empresas, ciências contábeis e turismo
licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Author's mail: eudald.correig@urv.cat daiana.ibarretxe@urv.cat eudald.correig@urv.cat joseluis.domingo@urv.cat luis.masana@urv.cat
Author identifier: 0000-0001-6647-9470 0000-0002-0789-4954
Record's date: 2024-09-07
Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
Papper original source: Environment International. 158
APA: Marquès M; Correig E; Ibarretxe D; Anoro E; Antonio Arroyo J; Jericó C; Borrallo RM; Miret M; Näf S; Pardo A; Perea V; Pérez-Bernalte R; Ramírez-Monte (2022). Long-term exposure to PM10 above WHO guidelines exacerbates COVID-19 severity and mortality. Environment International, 158(), -. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106930
Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Journal publication year: 2022
Publication Type: Journal Publications
Repositori URV