Author, as appears in the article.: Mogas, Jordi; Palau, Ramon; Fuentes, Marta; Cebrian, Gisela;

Department: Pedagogia

URV's Author/s: Cebrián Bernat, Gisela / Mogas Recalde, Jordi / Palau Martin, Ramon Felix

Keywords: System Smart school Smart classroom Performance Learning environment Industry 4.0 Industry 4 Framework Fourth industrial revolution 0

Abstract: The advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is introducing developments in Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and other technologies in different sectors of our society, including education. This reality leads to a paradigm shift in which web-based cyber-physical environments will shape future learning environments. Thus, learning becomes ubiquitous, and schools assume new roles with systemic changes in communication, administration and management, becoming learning organisations. The use of technologies aligned with pedagogical strategies and new methodologies must lead to more-personalised systems. In this article, a comprehensive definition of smart schools is proposed. Smart schools must be endowed with integral management systems, inclusive, sustainable, and adopt new learning methodologies and advances from Industry 4.0 in an efficient way. Despite this conception and because research, government policies and business projects are not always in line with research, there is a need for deeper knowledge of how schools are approaching their upcoming transformation. To illuminate this purpose, in this study 37 principals from primary and secondary schools in Catalonia were interviewed. Thematic analysis focusing on technological and pedagogical innovations, management systems, inclusion, and sustainability identified some analogies with related research, pointing out that schools are far from implementing advanced technologies. Inclusion is the most-respected element thanks to the existing government regulation. Sustainability is hardly considered because of a lack of economic resources, but several schools consider themselves green schools and exhibit environmental practices. Conclusions are drawn to show that, although schools are not yet prepared to cope with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, its impact relies on the technology's level of maturity and ease of use, as well as stakeholders as policymakers.

Thematic Areas: Psicología Pedagogical & educational research Información y documentación Education & educational research Education Educació E-learning Developmental and educational psychology Communication Ciencias sociales

licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/

Author's mail: jordi.mogas@urv.cat jordi.mogas@urv.cat ramon.palau@urv.cat gisela.cebrian@urv.cat

Author identifier: 0000-0003-3385-5534 0000-0003-3385-5534 0000-0002-9843-3116 0000-0002-8434-9888

Record's date: 2023-02-23

Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Link to the original source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10984-021-09398-3

Licence document URL: http://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/

Papper original source: Learning Environments Research. 25 (3): 875-893

APA: Mogas, Jordi; Palau, Ramon; Fuentes, Marta; Cebrian, Gisela; (2022). Smart schools on the way: How school principals from Catalonia approach the future of education within the fourth industrial revolution. Learning Environments Research, 25(3), 875-893. DOI: 10.1007/s10984-021-09398-3

Article's DOI: 10.1007/s10984-021-09398-3

Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili

Journal publication year: 2022

Publication Type: Journal Publications