Author, as appears in the article.: Ferre, Pilar; Haro, Juan; Angel Perez-Sanchez, Miguel; Moreno, Irene; Antonio Hinojosa, Jose;
Department: Psicologia
URV's Author/s: Ferré Romeu, Maria Pilar / Haro Rodriguez, Juan
Keywords: Words Visual complexity Subjective ratings Sticker Ratings Normative study Frequency of use Familiarity Facebook Emotional valence Emotional arousal Emoticon Emoji Computer-mediated communication Clarity
Abstract: This article presents subjective norms for 1031 emojis in six dimensions: visual complexity, familiarity, frequency of use, clarity, emotional valence, and emotional arousal. This is the largest normative study conducted so far that relies on subjective ratings. Unlike the few existing normative studies, which mainly comprise face emojis, here we present a wide range of emoji categories. We also examine the correlations between the dimensions assessed. Our results show that, in terms of their affective properties, emojis are analogous to other stimuli, such as words, showing the expected U-shaped relationship between valence and arousal. The relationship between affective properties and other dimensions (e.g., between valence and familiarity) is also similar to the relationship observed in words, in the sense that positively valenced emojis are more familiar than negative ones. These findings suggest that emojis are suitable stimuli for studying affective processing. Emoji-SP will be highly valuable for researchers of various fields interested in emojis, including computer science, communication, linguistics, and psychology. The full set of norms is available at: https://osf.io/dtfjv/.
Thematic Areas: Psychology, mathematical Psychology, experimental Psychology (miscellaneous) Psychology (all) Psychology Psicología Medicina ii General psychology Experimental and cognitive psychology Enfermagem Educação física Developmental and educational psychology Ciencias sociales Ciencias humanas Ciências biológicas ii Arts and humanities (miscellaneous)
licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Author's mail: mariadelpilar.ferre@urv.cat juan.haro@urv.cat
Author identifier: 0000-0002-3192-0040 0000-0002-3456-4731
Record's date: 2024-08-03
Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
Papper original source: Behavior Research Methods. 55 (4): 1715-1733
APA: Ferre, Pilar; Haro, Juan; Angel Perez-Sanchez, Miguel; Moreno, Irene; Antonio Hinojosa, Jose; (2023). Emoji-SP, the Spanish emoji database: Visual complexity, familiarity, frequency of use, clarity, and emotional valence and arousal norms for 1031 emojis. Behavior Research Methods, 55(4), 1715-1733. DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-01893-6
Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Journal publication year: 2023
Publication Type: Journal Publications
Repositori URV