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Diet and ecological niches of the Late Pleistocene hyenas Crocuta spelaea and C. ultima ussurica based on a study of tooth microwear

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:9271523
    Authors:
    Rivals FBaryshnikov GFPrilepskaya NEBelyaev RI
    Abstract:
    Extinct hyenas of the genus Crocuta were typical representatives of the Late Pleistocene mammoth fauna of Eurasia. The geographical distribution of these animals was vast, stretching from the British Isles to the Pacific coast. In this paper, we studied the tooth microwear of Crocuta spelaea from the Prolom 2 grotto in Crimea and the Bukhtarminskaya Cave in eastern Kazakhstan, and C. ultima ussurica from the Geographical Society Cave in the Russian Far East, to provide a comparative analysis of the feeding habits of these two species and to test for ecological differences. We also tested for ontogenic differences in diet through a comparison of juvenile and adult individuals. Our findings show that the microwear patterns of these Late Pleistocene hyenas resemble those of extant spotted hyenas (C. crocuta) but differ from those of extant stripped (Hyaena hyaena) and brown hyenas (Parahyaena brunnea). However, we noted that the number of scratches in the C. ultima ussurica specimens exceeded the variability observed in extant spotted hyenas and instead more closely resembled the microwear signal of typical predators (e.g., lions). Adults and juveniles exhibited similar microwear patterns in terms of the quantity of pits and scratches; however, most juveniles lacked cross scratches, as also observed in most individuals from Prolom 2. This pattern could be related to a higher proportion of meat in the diet of juveniles, without excluding the consumption of bones. Our tooth microwear analysis improves the knowledge of the paleobiology of extinct representatives of the genus Crocuta.
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Rivals F; Baryshnikov GF; Prilepskaya NE; Belyaev RI
    Department: Història i Història de l'Art
    URV's Author/s: Rivals, Florent Joseph Louis
    Keywords: Tooth wear Russian far east Hyaenidae Eastern europe Carnivores Age estimation russian far east hyaenidae eastern europe carnivores
    Abstract: Extinct hyenas of the genus Crocuta were typical representatives of the Late Pleistocene mammoth fauna of Eurasia. The geographical distribution of these animals was vast, stretching from the British Isles to the Pacific coast. In this paper, we studied the tooth microwear of Crocuta spelaea from the Prolom 2 grotto in Crimea and the Bukhtarminskaya Cave in eastern Kazakhstan, and C. ultima ussurica from the Geographical Society Cave in the Russian Far East, to provide a comparative analysis of the feeding habits of these two species and to test for ecological differences. We also tested for ontogenic differences in diet through a comparison of juvenile and adult individuals. Our findings show that the microwear patterns of these Late Pleistocene hyenas resemble those of extant spotted hyenas (C. crocuta) but differ from those of extant stripped (Hyaena hyaena) and brown hyenas (Parahyaena brunnea). However, we noted that the number of scratches in the C. ultima ussurica specimens exceeded the variability observed in extant spotted hyenas and instead more closely resembled the microwear signal of typical predators (e.g., lions). Adults and juveniles exhibited similar microwear patterns in terms of the quantity of pits and scratches; however, most juveniles lacked cross scratches, as also observed in most individuals from Prolom 2. This pattern could be related to a higher proportion of meat in the diet of juveniles, without excluding the consumption of bones. Our tooth microwear analysis improves the knowledge of the paleobiology of extinct representatives of the genus Crocuta.
    Thematic Areas: Saúde coletiva Química Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Paleontology Oceanography Interdisciplinar Geosciences, multidisciplinary Geography, physical Geografía Geociências Filosofia/teologia:subcomissão filosofia Ensino Engenharias iv Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Educação Ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics Earth-surface processes Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Biodiversidade Astronomia / física
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: florent.rivals@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0001-8074-9254
    Record's date: 2024-07-20
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Link to the original source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018222002954
    Licence document URL: http://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Papper original source: Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology. 601
    APA: Rivals F; Baryshnikov GF; Prilepskaya NE; Belyaev RI (2022). Diet and ecological niches of the Late Pleistocene hyenas Crocuta spelaea and C. ultima ussurica based on a study of tooth microwear. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 601(), -. DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111125
    Article's DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111125
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2022
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Earth-Surface Processes,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Geography, Physical,Geosciences, Multidisciplinary,Oceanography,Paleontology
    Tooth wear
    Russian far east
    Hyaenidae
    Eastern europe
    Carnivores
    Age estimation
    russian far east
    hyaenidae
    eastern europe
    carnivores
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia
    Paleontology
    Oceanography
    Interdisciplinar
    Geosciences, multidisciplinary
    Geography, physical
    Geografía
    Geociências
    Filosofia/teologia:subcomissão filosofia
    Ensino
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias iii
    Engenharias ii
    Educação
    Ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics
    Earth-surface processes
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências ambientais
    Ciências agrárias i
    Biodiversidade
    Astronomia / física
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