Palynological investigations in the Orce Archaeological Zone, Early Pleistocene of Southern Spain

Identifier:  imarina:9280436

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9280436

Authors:  Ochando, J; Carrion, J; Altolaguirre, Y; Munuera, M; Amoros, G; Jimenez-Moreno, G; Solano-Garcia, J; Barsky, D; Luzon, C; Sanchez-Bandera, C; Serrano-Ramos, A; Toro-Moyano, I; Saarinen, J; Blain, HA; Bocherens, H; Oms, O; Agusti, J; Fortelius, M; Jimenez-Arenas, JM

Abstract:
Palynological investigations in the Orce Archaeological Zone (OAZ) (Guadix-Baza Basin, Granada, Spain), Venta Micena 1 (VM1), Barranco Leon (BL) and Fuente Nueva 3 (FN3) are presented. This archaeological region is con-nected with the first Homo populations in Western Eurasia during the Early Pleistocene. The VM1 pollen record is characterized by Ephedra, and to a lesser extent, Pinus, Juniperus and evergreen Quercus, occassionally accompa-nied by Olea, Genisteae, Erica, deciduous Quercus, Alnus, Castanea, Fraxinus, Salix and Phillyrea. BL is dominated by Juniperus, Olea, Pinus, Poaceae, and evergreen Quercus. FN3 is characterized by an open Mediterranean woodland dominated by evergreen Quercus, Pinus, Juniperus and Olea, accompanied by deciduous Quercus, Castanea, Populus, Salix, Ulmus, Fraxinus, Pistacia, Phillyrea, Genisteae, Erica, Cistus, and Ephedra fragilis. Relic Tertiary taxa in OAZ include Carya, Pterocarya, Eucommia, Zelkova, and Juglans. The Early Pleistocene OAZ vegetation is a mosaic of different landscapes embracing mesophytes, thermophytes, xerophytes, xerothermophytes, and Mediterra-nean elements. These finds are compared with former pollen analyses in the region and beyond within the Ibe-rian Peninsula. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).