Repositori URV

Identifier: imarina:9322144

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9322144

Authors:
González-Palacios, SOncina-Cánovas, AGarcía-de-la-Hera, MMartínez-González, MASalas-Salvadó, JCorella, DSchröder, HMartínez, JAAlonso-Gómez, AMWärnberg, JRomaguera, DLópez-Miranda, JEstruch, RTinahones, FJLapetra, JSerra-Majem, JLCano-Ibañez, NTur, JAMartín-Sánchez, VPintó, XDelgado-Rodríguez, MMatía-Martín, PVidal, JVázquer, CDaimiel, LRos, EBes-Rastrollo, MAtzeni, ASorli, JZomeño, MDPeña-Orihuela, PJCompañ-Gabucio, LMBarón-López, FJZulet, MAKonieczna, JCasas, RMGarrido-Garrido, EMTojal-Sierra, LGomez-Perez, AMRuiz-Canela, MPalau, ASaiz, CPérez-Vega, KAGarcia-Rios, ATorres-Collado, LBasterra-Gortari, JGarcidueñas-Fimbres, TEMalcampo, MVioque, J

Abstract:
Background and aims: The association between changes in ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains understudied. We evaluated the association between changes in UPF consumption over 12 months of follow-up and changes in CMR factors in adults diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Methods: We analysed data from 5373 adults (aged 55–75 years) participating in the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Diet was evaluated at baseline, 6- and 12-month visits using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and UPF consumption (in grams/day and percentage of total daily dietary intake in grams) was categorized based on NOVA classification. We used mixed-effects linear models with repeated measurements at baseline, 6 and 12 months of follow-up to assess the associations between changes in UPF consumption and changes in CMR factors adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyles variables. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, when comparing the highest versus the lowest quartile of UPF consumption, positive associations were found for several CMR factors: weight (kg, β = 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.91 to 1.26); BMI (kg/m2, β = 0.39; 0.33 to 0.46); waist circumference (cm, β = 1.03; 0.81 to 1.26); diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg, β = 0.67; 0.29 to 1.06); fasting blood glucose (mg/dl, β = 1.66; 0.61 to 2.70); HbA1c (%, β = 0.04; 0.01 to 0.07); triglycerides (mg/dl, β = 6.79; 3.66 to 9.91) and triglycerides and glucose index (β = 0.06; 0.04 to 0.08). Conclusions: Higher UPF consumption was associated with adverse evolution in objectively measured CMR factors after 12 months of follow-up in adults with metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to explore whether these changes persist for longer periods.