Author, as appears in the article.: Zaim, Omar; Bouchikhi, Benachir; Motia, Soukaina; Abello, Sonia; Llobet, Eduard; El Bari, Nezha
Department: Enginyeria Electrònica, Elèctrica i Automàtica
URV's Author/s: ABELLÓ CROS, SÒNIA / Llobet Valero, Eduard
Keywords: Urine analysis Type 2 diabetes mellitus Type 1 diabetes mellitus Time Mass spectrometry Lung-cancer Ion mobility spectrometry Identification Gc-ms Electronic sensing system Electronic nose Disease Diagnosis Data fusion Breath analysis Biomarkers
Abstract: Studies suggest that breath and urine analysis can be viable non-invasive methods for diabetes management, with the potential for disease diagnosis. In the present work, we employed two sensing strategies. The first strategy involved analyzing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological matrices, such as exhaled breath and urine samples collected from patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and healthy controls (HC). The second strategy focused on discriminating between two types of DM, related to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), by using a data fusion method. For this purpose, an electronic nose (e-nose) based on five tin oxide (SnO2) gas sensors was employed to characterize the overall composition of the collected breath samples. Furthermore, a voltametric electronic tongue (VE-tongue), composed of five working electrodes, was dedicated to the analysis of urinary VOCs using cyclic voltammetry as a measurement technique. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the electronic sensing systems, algorithm tools including principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA) and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized. The results showed that the e-nose and VE-tongue could discriminate between breath and urine samples from patients with DM and HC with a success rate of 99.44% and 99.16%, respectively. However, discrimination between T1DM and T2DM samples using these systems alone was not perfect. Therefore, a data fusion method was proposed as a goal to overcome this shortcoming. The fusing of data from the two instruments resulted in an enhanced success rate of classification (i.e., 93.75% for the recognition of T1DM and T2DM).
Thematic Areas: Química Physical and theoretical chemistry Materiais Instruments & instrumentation Farmacia Electrochemistry Ciencias sociales Ciência de alimentos Chemistry, analytical Astronomia / física Analytical chemistry
licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Author's mail: eduard.llobet@urv.cat
Author identifier: 0000-0001-6164-4342
Record's date: 2024-10-12
Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Link to the original source: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/11/6/350
Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
Papper original source: Chemosensors (Basel). 11 (6): 350-
APA: Zaim, Omar; Bouchikhi, Benachir; Motia, Soukaina; Abello, Sonia; Llobet, Eduard; El Bari, Nezha (2023). Discrimination of Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Healthy Individuals Based on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Analysis of Exhaled Breath and Urine Samples by Using E-Nose and VE-Tongue. Chemosensors (Basel), 11(6), 350-. DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11060350
Article's DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors11060350
Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Journal publication year: 2023
Publication Type: Journal Publications