Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with long-term depressive symptoms in Spanish older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome

Identifier:  imarina:9329512

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9329512

Authors:  Shyam, Sangeetha; Gomez-Martinez, Carlos; Paz-Graniel, Indira; Gaforio, Jose J; Martinez-Gonzalez, Miguel Angel; Corella, Dolores; Fito, Montserrat; Martinez, J Alfredo; Alonso-Gomez, Angel M; Warnberg, Julia; Vioque, Jesus; Romaguera, Dora; Lopez-Miranda, Jose; Estruch, Ramon; Tinahones, Francisco J; Santos-Lozano, Jose Manuel; Serra-Majem, J Luis; Bueno-Cavanillas, Aurora; Tur, Josep A; Sanchez, Vicente Martin; Pinto, Xavier; Ramos, Maria; Vidal, Josep; Alcarria, Maria Mar; Daimiel, Lidia; Ros, Emilio; Fernandez-Aranda, Fernando; Nishi, Stephanie K; Regata, Oscar Garcia; Toledo, Estefania; Sorli, Jose V; Castaner, Olga; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Valls-Enguix, Rafael; Perez-Farinos, Napoleon; Zulet, M Angeles; Rayo-Gago, Elena; Casas, Rosa; Rivera-Izquierdo, Mario; Tojal-Sierra, Lucas; Damas-Fuentes, Miguel; Buil-Cosiales, Pilar; Fernandez-Carrion, Rebeca; Goday, Albert; Pena-Orihuela, Patricia J; Compan-Gabucio, Laura; Diez-Espino, Javier; Tello, Susanna; Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana; de la O, Victor; Delgado-Rodriguez, Miguel; Babio, Nancy; Salas-Salvado, Jordi

Abstract:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has serious physiological and psychological consequences. The long-term (>12 weeks post-infection) impact of COVID-19 on mental health, specifically in older adults, is unclear. We longitudinally assessed the association of COVID-19 with depression symptomatology in community-dwelling older adults with metabolic syndrome within the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus cohort.Participants (n = 5486) aged 55-75 years were included in this longitudinal cohort. COVID-19 status (positive/negative) determined by tests (e.g. polymerase chain reaction severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, IgG) was confirmed via event adjudication (410 cases). Pre- and post-COVID-19 depressive symptomatology was ascertained from annual assessments conducted using a validated 21-item Spanish Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models assessed the association between COVID-19 and depression symptomatology.COVID-19 in older adults was associated with higher post-COVID-19 BDI-II scores measured at a median (interquartile range) of 29 (15-40) weeks post-infection [fully adjusted β = 0.65 points, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15-1.15; p = 0.011]. This association was particularly prominent in women (β = 1.38 points, 95% CI 0.44-2.33, p = 0.004). COVID-19 was associated with 62% increased odds of elevated depression risk (BDI-II ≥ 14) post-COVID-19 when adjusted for confounders (odds ratio; 95% CI 1.13-2.30, p = 0.008).COVID-19 was associated with long-term depression risk in older adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, particularly in women. Thus, long-term evaluations of the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and preventive public health initiatives are warranted in older adults.