Articles producció científica> Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques

Contamination level, spatial distribution, and sources of potentially toxic elements in indoor settled household dusts in Tehran, Iran

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:9362467
    Authors:
    Khajooee NModabberi SKhoshmanesh Zadeh BRazavian FGayà-Caro NSierra JRovira J
    Abstract:
    Tehran, the capital city of Iran, has been facing air pollution for several decades due to rapid urbanization, population growth, improper vehicle use, and the low quality of fuels. In this study, 31 indoor dust samples were collected passively from residential and commercial buildings located in the central and densely populated districts of the city. These samples were analyzed after preparation to measure the concentration of elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, Zn). Statistical data analyses were employed to compare their relationship across various uses, variations, and for source identification. Geochemical indices of contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) were utilized to evaluate the degree of contamination. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Pb (938, 206, and 176 µg g-1, respectively) are 6, 5, and 3 times higher than their mean values in worldwide urban soils. Additionally, Cd, Mo, and Ni showed concentrations about 1.5 times higher, while As, Co, Cr, Mn, and Sr fell within the range of reference soils. Be, V, and Sb displayed remarkably lower mean values. Building use did not significantly influence element levels in indoor deposited dust except for Pb and Zn. A comparison of indoor concentrations with previously published data for outdoor dusts revealed higher enrichments of Mo, Cu, Pb, and Ni, while As, Cd, and Zn showed lower enrichments in street dust samples. The order of CF values indicated Hg > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cu > As > Ni > Cr > Co > V. For Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu, all or almost all samples exhibited very high contamination. PLI values were consistently higher than 1, indicating contamination in all samples. Multivariate statistical analysis and Tehran's specific geological location suggested that ma
  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Khajooee N; Modabberi S; Khoshmanesh Zadeh B; Razavian F; Gayà-Caro N; Sierra J; Rovira J
    Department: Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques
    URV's Author/s: Gaya Caro, Nuria / Rovira Solano, Joaquim
    Keywords: Urban metal source Potentially toxic elements Pollution load index Indoor settled dust Contamination factor
    Abstract: Tehran, the capital city of Iran, has been facing air pollution for several decades due to rapid urbanization, population growth, improper vehicle use, and the low quality of fuels. In this study, 31 indoor dust samples were collected passively from residential and commercial buildings located in the central and densely populated districts of the city. These samples were analyzed after preparation to measure the concentration of elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, Zn). Statistical data analyses were employed to compare their relationship across various uses, variations, and for source identification. Geochemical indices of contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) were utilized to evaluate the degree of contamination. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Pb (938, 206, and 176 µg g-1, respectively) are 6, 5, and 3 times higher than their mean values in worldwide urban soils. Additionally, Cd, Mo, and Ni showed concentrations about 1.5 times higher, while As, Co, Cr, Mn, and Sr fell within the range of reference soils. Be, V, and Sb displayed remarkably lower mean values. Building use did not significantly influence element levels in indoor deposited dust except for Pb and Zn. A comparison of indoor concentrations with previously published data for outdoor dusts revealed higher enrichments of Mo, Cu, Pb, and Ni, while As, Cd, and Zn showed lower enrichments in street dust samples. The order of CF values indicated Hg > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cu > As > Ni > Cr > Co > V. For Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu, all or almost all samples exhibited very high contamination. PLI values were consistently higher than 1, indicating contamination in all samples. Multivariate statistical analysis and Tehran's specific geological location suggested that mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks are primary sources for Cr, Cu, Fe, and Ni (PC1). As, Pb, and V (PC2) were attributed to fossil fuel combustion in vehicles and residential buildings. Pb is a legacy metal remaining from the use of leaded gasoline, which was phased out in the 1990s. Zn (PC3) is derived from vehicle tires.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
    Thematic Areas: Water science and technology Water resources Química Public, environmental & occupational health Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Medicine (miscellaneous) Medicina ii Materiais Interdisciplinar Geografía Geociências Geochemistry and petrology General environmental science Environmental sciences Environmental science (miscellaneous) Environmental science (all) Environmental engineering Environmental chemistry Engineering, environmental Engenharias ii Engenharias i Ciências biológicas ii Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Biotecnología Biodiversidade
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: joaquim.rovira@urv.cat nuria.gaya@estudiants.urv.cat nuria.gaya@estudiants.urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0003-4399-6138
    Record's date: 2024-09-21
    Papper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion
    Link to the original source: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10653-023-01838-8#citeas
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Papper original source: Environmental Geochemistry And Health. 46 (2): 56-56
    APA: Khajooee N; Modabberi S; Khoshmanesh Zadeh B; Razavian F; Gayà-Caro N; Sierra J; Rovira J (2024). Contamination level, spatial distribution, and sources of potentially toxic elements in indoor settled household dusts in Tehran, Iran. Environmental Geochemistry And Health, 46(2), 56-56. DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01838-8
    Article's DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01838-8
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2024
    Publication Type: Journal Publications
  • Keywords:

    Engineering, Environmental,Environmental Chemistry,Environmental Engineering,Environmental Science (Miscellaneous),Environmental Sciences,Geochemistry and Petrology,Medicine (Miscellaneous),Public, Environmental & Occupational Health,Water Resources,Water Science and Technology
    Urban metal source
    Potentially toxic elements
    Pollution load index
    Indoor settled dust
    Contamination factor
    Water science and technology
    Water resources
    Química
    Public, environmental & occupational health
    Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia
    Medicine (miscellaneous)
    Medicina ii
    Materiais
    Interdisciplinar
    Geografía
    Geociências
    Geochemistry and petrology
    General environmental science
    Environmental sciences
    Environmental science (miscellaneous)
    Environmental science (all)
    Environmental engineering
    Environmental chemistry
    Engineering, environmental
    Engenharias ii
    Engenharias i
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências ambientais
    Ciências agrárias i
    Biotecnología
    Biodiversidade
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