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Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Lifestyle Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

  • Datos identificativos

    Identificador: imarina:6012545
    Autores:
    Uusitupa, MattiKhan, Tauseef A.Viguiliouk, EffieKahleova, HanaRivellese, Angela A.Hermansen, KjeldPfeiffer, AndreasThanopoulou, AnastasiaSalas-Salvado, JordiSchwab, UrsulaSievenpiper, John L.
    Resumen:
    Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a great challenge worldwide. The aim of this evidence synthesis was to summarize the available evidence in order to update the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy. We conducted a systematic review and, where appropriate, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) carried out in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (six studies) or dysmetabolism (one study) to answer the following questions: What is the evidence that T2D is preventable by lifestyle changes? What is the optimal diet (with a particular focus on diet quality) for prevention, and does the prevention of T2D result in a lower risk of late complications of T2D? The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to assess the certainty of the trial evidence. Altogether seven RCTs (N = 4090) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnosis of incident diabetes was based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The overall risk reduction of T2D by the lifestyle interventions was 0.53 (95% CI 0.41; 0.67). Most of the trials aimed to reduce weight, increase physical activity, and apply a diet relatively low in saturated fat and high in fiber. The PREDIMED trial that did not meet eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis was used in the final assessment of diet quality. We conclude that T2D is preventable by changing lifestyle and the risk reduction is sustained for many years after the active intervention (high certainty of evidence). Healthy dietary changes based on the current recommendations and the Mediterranean dietary pattern can be recommended for the long-term prevention of diabetes
  • Otros:

    Autor según el artículo: Uusitupa, Matti; Khan, Tauseef A.; Viguiliouk, Effie; Kahleova, Hana; Rivellese, Angela A.; Hermansen, Kjeld; Pfeiffer, Andreas; Thanopoulou, Anastasia; Salas-Salvado, Jordi; Schwab, Ursula; Sievenpiper, John L.;
    Departamento: Bioquímica i Biotecnologia
    Autor/es de la URV: Salas Salvadó, Jorge
    Palabras clave: Weight-loss Type 2 diabetes Prevention Post-hoc analysis Physical-activity Mediterranean diet Lifestyles Insulin-secretion Impaired glucose-tolerance Follow-up Findings tables Eating patterns Diet Complications Cardiovascular-disease
    Resumen: Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a great challenge worldwide. The aim of this evidence synthesis was to summarize the available evidence in order to update the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy. We conducted a systematic review and, where appropriate, meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) carried out in people with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (six studies) or dysmetabolism (one study) to answer the following questions: What is the evidence that T2D is preventable by lifestyle changes? What is the optimal diet (with a particular focus on diet quality) for prevention, and does the prevention of T2D result in a lower risk of late complications of T2D? The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was applied to assess the certainty of the trial evidence. Altogether seven RCTs (N = 4090) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The diagnosis of incident diabetes was based on an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The overall risk reduction of T2D by the lifestyle interventions was 0.53 (95% CI 0.41; 0.67). Most of the trials aimed to reduce weight, increase physical activity, and apply a diet relatively low in saturated fat and high in fiber. The PREDIMED trial that did not meet eligibility criteria for inclusion in the meta-analysis was used in the final assessment of diet quality. We conclude that T2D is preventable by changing lifestyle and the risk reduction is sustained for many years after the active intervention (high certainty of evidence). Healthy dietary changes based on the current recommendations and the Mediterranean dietary pattern can be recommended for the long-term prevention of diabetes. There is limited or insufficient data to show that prevention of T2D by lifestyle changes results in a lower risk of cardiovascular and microvascular complications.
    Áreas temáticas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Psicología Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Nutrition and dietetics Nutrition & dietetics Nutrição Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Interdisciplinar Food science Farmacia Engenharias iv Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Economia Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Biotecnología
    Acceso a la licencia de uso: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Direcció de correo del autor: jordi.salas@urv.cat
    Identificador del autor: 0000-0003-2700-7459
    Fecha de alta del registro: 2023-02-18
    Versión del articulo depositado: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Enlace a la fuente original: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/11/2611
    Referencia al articulo segun fuente origial: Nutrients. 11 (11):
    Referencia de l'ítem segons les normes APA: Uusitupa, Matti; Khan, Tauseef A.; Viguiliouk, Effie; Kahleova, Hana; Rivellese, Angela A.; Hermansen, Kjeld; Pfeiffer, Andreas; Thanopoulou, Anastasi (2019). Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Lifestyle Changes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 11(11), -. DOI: 10.3390/nu11112611
    URL Documento de licencia: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    DOI del artículo: 10.3390/nu11112611
    Entidad: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Año de publicación de la revista: 2019
    Tipo de publicación: Journal Publications
  • Palabras clave:

    Food Science,Nutrition & Dietetics,Nutrition and Dietetics
    Weight-loss
    Type 2 diabetes
    Prevention
    Post-hoc analysis
    Physical-activity
    Mediterranean diet
    Lifestyles
    Insulin-secretion
    Impaired glucose-tolerance
    Follow-up
    Findings tables
    Eating patterns
    Diet
    Complications
    Cardiovascular-disease
    Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Psicología
    Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia
    Nutrition and dietetics
    Nutrition & dietetics
    Nutrição
    Medicina veterinaria
    Medicina iii
    Medicina ii
    Medicina i
    Interdisciplinar
    Food science
    Farmacia
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias ii
    Enfermagem
    Educação física
    Economia
    Ciências biológicas iii
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências agrárias i
    Ciência de alimentos
    Biotecnología
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