Repositori URV

Identifier: TDX:777

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX777

Authors:
Caro Rubio, Ester

Abstract:
During the last years, one of the aims in the Analytical Chemistry has been the development of effective extraction techniques able to isolate and pre-concentrate the target analyte and at the same time to achieve an efficient clean-up of the sample. Among the different pre-concentration techniques, SPE is the technique that presents more advantages and for this reason SPE has been the most widely used pre-concentration technique during the last decades. SPE consists of percolating a known volume of a liquid sample through a stationary phase, named sorbent, and the sorbent is usually packed in a cartridge. In SPE exists several types of sorbents which are the responsible of the efficiency obtained during the extraction process. However, the major disadvantage of these sorbents is the low selectivity and as a consequence, matrix interference components are also co-extracted with the target analytes, which is mainly a problem when the analytes have to be extracted at low levels. For this reason, during the last years new selective materials have been also synthesised such as immunosorbents (IS) and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Due to the growing interest to achieve selective extraction procedures and the novelty that MIPs represent, these materials are the objective of this thesis. Moreover it should be noted that MIPs offer several advantages over ISs, because MIPs can be obtained in a easy and rapid way, the synthetic procedure is quite cheap and they are also more stable under harsh conditions of pH and temperature.MIPs are tailored-made materials with specific cavities for a target molecule. The selectivity of the MIP arises because the target molecule, which is named template, is present during the polymerization. The template establishes selective interact