Nursing approach and quality of life in patients after ictus. Systematic review

Identifier:  TFG:2063

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TFG2063

Authors:  Quintero Ramírez, Yanni

Abstract:
Background: The stroke has an important relevance in developed countries because is the first reason of acquired disability and mortality in women. However, this has reduced considerably in recent years, because of the evidence of new treatments, the prevention of the disease, improving the strategies and approaches aim at improving the quality of life, it is a necessity. Objectives: To examine the strategies and approaches of primary care nursing that impact and improve the quality of life of people who have suffered a stroke. To study the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments related to a better quality of life for people who have suffered from this phenomenon and to study the current model of nurse care in secondary prevention of strokes in the community. Methods: Systematic review of the related scientific literature through the databases Pubmed, Dialnet and Scopus, the inclusion criteria are: original articles published between 2010-2019, written in English and Spanish, complete access, which included the study of patients who have suffered a stroke and the evaluation of the nursing action. The Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine (CEBM) was used to evaluate the level of evidence of the articles. Results: A total of 13 articles of quantity methodology and level of evidence between 1b and 3b were included. The studies show the effectiveness and satisfaction for the strategies and approaches carried out by nurses in the primary care field for the improvement in the quality of life of the patients. They also indicate the positive effects of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment. But there is a lack in the current nurse model in the secondary prevention of strokes at community level. Conclusion: Nursing interventions in primary care are essential and a priority. They are key for maintaining the adherence to pharmacology treatment and improving the self-management of risk factors as well as the disease and all its repercussions. The new pharmacological treatments become innovative and effective, improving the quality of life of the patient. Even so, it is noted the need of designing new transversal nursing models of secondary prevention in the stroke, that provide cross-sectional benefits to the patient, it guided by nurses.