Identifier: TFG:2086
Authors: Martínez Cid, Dana
Abstract:
The Respiratory Distress Syndrome is a premature newborn disorder, born alive before 37 weeks of gestation, related to pulmonary immaturity and with the absence or deficit of surfactant, resulting in excessive respiratory work to reopen the collapsed alveoli. The treatment with exogenous surfactant has helped to reduce the alveolar surface tension, thus avoiding the atelectasis and carrying out an efficient gas exchange. This study aims to compare the different techniques used in the administration of surfactant in preterm infants with this syndrome, analyze published studies to update knowledge and identify the method that best reduces complications, mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation. There are also some preterm care treatments in the administration techniques, thus helping to maintain the integrity of the respiratory system. We have made a bibliographic search of articles published between the years 2013 and 2018, using the following databases: Scielo, Scopus, Pubmed, Cinahl and Google Scholar. A total of 339 studies were obtained, of which we selected 19, once the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied.The results obtained have analyzed the types of studies, the total number of babies in each technique, grouped according to invasiveness and comparisons between techniques to see which are the most effective and safe. It has been shown that minimally invasive ones have a better efficacy and safety than invasive and non-invasive, being a development in the treatment of SDR and in the comprehensive care of preterm infants, reducing complications, mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation. The role of nursing is important when it comes to taking into account comprehensive care and continuous monitoring of preterm infants, as well as assistance to the family and the humanization of the NICU.
Repositori URV