Olive oil intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the PREDIMED Study

Identificador:  PC:754

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/PC754

Autors:  Salas-Salvadó, J.; Martínez, J.A.; Ruiz-Gutiérrez, V.; Sorlí, J.V.; Buil-Cosiales, P.; Basora, J.; Lamuela-Raventós, R.M.; Pintó, X.; Muñoz, M.A.; Serra-Majem, L.; Fiol, M. , Lapetra, J.; Gómez-Gracia, E.; Recondo, J.; Corella, D.; Ros, E.; Estruch, R.; Bulló, M.; Fitó, M.; Martínez-González, M.A.; Hu, F.B.; Guasch-Ferré, M.

Resum:
Background: It is unknown whether individuals at high cardiovascular risk sustain a benefit in cardiovascular disease from increased olive oil consumption. The aim was to assess the association between total olive oil intake, its varieties (extra virgin and common olive oil) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: We included 7,216 men and women at high cardiovascular risk, aged 55 to 80 years, from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study, a multicenter, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Participants were randomized to one of three interventions: Mediterranean Diets supplemented with nuts or extra-virgin olive oil, or a control low-fat diet. The present analysis was conducted as an observational prospective cohort study. The median follow-up was 4.8 years. Cardiovascular disease (stroke, myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death) and mortality were ascertained by medical records and National Death Index. Olive oil consumption was evaluated with validated food frequency questionnaires. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards and generalized estimating equations were used to assess the association between baseline and yearly repeated measurements of olive oil intake, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Results: During follow-up, 277 cardiovascular events and 323 deaths occurred. Participants in the highest energy-adjusted tertile of baseline total olive oil and extra-virgin olive oil consumption had 35% (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.89) and 39% (HR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.85) cardiovascular disease risk reduction, respectively, compared to the reference. Higher baseline total olive oil consumption was associated with 48% (HR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.93) reduced risk