Autor segons l'article: González N; Domingo JL
Departament: Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques
Autor/s de la URV: Domingo Roig, José Luis
Paraules clau: Polyfluoroalkyl substances pfass; Persistent organic pollutants; Perfluorooctanoic acid pfoa; Perfluoroalkyl substances; Perfluorinated compounds pfc; Perfluorinated compounds (pfc); Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfas); Human serum; Human exposure; Human breast-milk; Health-risks; Daily intake; Daily intak; Chemical; Breast milk; Blood
Resum: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), previously known as perfluorinated compounds (PFC), are a group of synthetic chemicals widely used over the past decades. Their extensive application, combined with their environmental persistence, has contributed to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and the associated toxicological risks. Regarding humans, blood serum testing remains the primary method for biomonitoring PFAS exposure, while breast milk has also been used due to the transfer of these substances from mothers to infants during lactation. This paper aims to review the scientific literature (using PubMed and Scopus databases) on PFAS concentrations in the breast milk of non-occupationally exposed women. Where available, the estimated daily intake of these compounds by breastfeeding infants is also examined. The reviewed studies are categorized by continent and country/region, revealing a significant lack of data for many countries, including both developed and developing nations. The findings indicate substantial variability in PFAS concentrations, influenced by factors such as geographic location, sampling year, and the specific PFAS analyzed. Among the identified compounds, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are most commonly detected, along with perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), being the only PFAS with regulated maximum levels in certain foodstuffs. Most studies were conducted before the implementation of the current (updated) tolerable weekly intake (TWI) values for these substances. Consequently, the majority reported a low health risk for breastfeeding infants, even in high-intake scenarios. Nevertheless, biomonitoring studies are urgently needed in countries with limited or no data, and new investigations should assess whether current estimated intakes exceed the updated TWI. Special focus should be given to rural and industrial areas where exposure levels remain poorly understood.
Àrees temàtiques: Toxicology; Saúde coletiva; Química; Psicología; Odontología; Medicine (miscellaneous); Medicina veterinaria; Medicina iii; Medicina ii; Medicina i; Interdisciplinar; Health, toxicology and mutagenesis; General medicine; Farmacia; Engenharias iii; Engenharias i; Ciências biológicas iii; Ciências biológicas ii; Ciências biológicas i; Ciências ambientais; Ciência de alimentos; Biotecnología; Biodiversidade
Accès a la llicència d'ús: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Adreça de correu electrònic de l'autor: joseluis.domingo@urv.cat
Data d'alta del registre: 2025-03-22
Versió de l'article dipositat: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Enllaç font original: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-025-03980-x
Referència a l'article segons font original: Archives Of Toxicology.
Referència de l'ítem segons les normes APA: González N; Domingo JL (2025). PFC/PFAS concentrations in human milk and infant exposure through lactation: a comprehensive review of the scientific literature. Archives Of Toxicology, (), -. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-025-03980-x
URL Document de llicència: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
DOI de l'article: 10.1007/s00204-025-03980-x
Entitat: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Any de publicació de la revista: 2025
Tipus de publicació: Journal Publications
Repositori URV