Prevalence and Epidemiological Characteristics of ADHD in Pre-School and School Age Children in the Province of Tarragona, Spain

Identifier:  imarina:7067378

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina7067378

Authors:  Sans, JC; Hidalgo, PM; Castellv, JR; Moreso, NV; Martínez, CH

Abstract:
Objective:To report the ADHD estimated prevalence in Spain, considering differences in sex, age, presentation, and severity.Method:This study has a two-phase design and forms part of the Neurodevelopmental Disorders Epidemiological Research Project (EPINED). The ADHD screening was conducted through parent (N = 3,727) and teacher (N = 6,894). To perform ADHD diagnosis (DSM-5), screen positive and a subsample of the screen negative children and their parents were assessed using neuropsychological tests and a semi-structured psychiatric interview.Results:The ADHD overall estimate prevalence was 5.5% (7.7% in school-age children; 3.0% in pre-schoolers) and 3.5% for subclinical conditions. The combined presentation and mild severity were the most common, while 18.2% were highly impaired. Previous diagnoses were found in 12% of pre-schoolers and 41% school-aged.Conclusion:The prevalence found in Spain is higher than other European reports. The low ratio of prior-diagnoses indicates a need to provide resources for assessment in school and clinical settings.