A single-blinded, randomized, parallel intervention to evaluate genetics and omics-based personalized nutrition in general population via an e-commerce tool: The PREVENTOMICS e-commerce study

Identifier:  imarina:9378180

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9378180

Authors:  Calderón-Perez, L; Escoté, X; Companys, J; Alcaide-Hidalgo, JM; Bosch, M; Rabassa, M; Crescenti, A; Valls, RM; Pedret, A; Solà, R; Mariné, R; Gil-Cardoso, K; Rodríguez, MA; Palacios, H; del Pino, A; Guirro, M; Canela, N; Suñol, D; Galofré, M; Galmés, S; Palou-March, A; Serra, F; Caimari, A; Gutie, B; del Bas, JM

Abstract:
Background: Personalized nutrition (PN) has been proposed as a strategy to increase the effectiveness of dietary recommendations and ultimately improve health status. Objectives: We aimed to assess whether including omics-based PN in an e-commerce tool improves dietary behavior and metabolic pro fi le in general population. Methods: A 21-wk parallel, single-blinded, randomized intervention involved 193 adults assigned to a control group following Mediterranean diet recommendations ( n = 57, completers = 36), PN ( n = 70, completers = 45), or personalized plan (PP, n = 68, completers = 53) integrating a behavioral change program with PN recommendations. The intervention used metabolomics, proteomics, and genetic data to assist participants in creating personalized shopping lists in a simulated e-commerce retailer portal. The primary outcome was the Mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS) score; secondary outcomes included biometric and metabolic markers and dietary habits. Results: Volunteers were categorized with a scoring system based on biomarkers of lipid, carbohydrate metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and microbiota, and dietary recommendations delivered accordingly in the PN and PP groups. The intervention signi fi cantly increased MEDAS scores in all volunteers (control - 3 points; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2, 3.8; PN - 2.7 points; 95% CI: 2.0, 3.3; and PP - 2.8 points; 95% CI: 2.1, 3.4; q < 0.001). No signi fi cant differences were observed in dietary habits or health parameters between PN and control groups after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Nevertheless, personalized recommendations significantly (false discovery rate < 0.05) and selectively enhanced the scores calculated with biomarkers of carbohydrate metabolism ( beta :- 0.37; 95% CI:- 0.56,- 0.18), oxidative stress ( beta :- 0.37; 95% CI:- 0.60,- 0.15), microbiota ( beta :- 0.38; 95% CI:- 0.63,- 0.15), and inflammation ( beta :- 0.78; 95% CI:- 1.24,- 0.31) compared with control diet. Conclusions: Integration of personalized strategies within an e-commerce - like tool did not enhance adherence to Mediterranean diet or improved health markers compared with general recommendations. The metabotyping approach showed promising results and more research is guaranteed to further its in PN.