Immunoglobulins in COVID-19 pneumonia: from the acute phase to the recovery phase

Identifier:  imarina:9441860

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9441860

Authors:  Peraire, Joaquim; Garcia-Pardo, Graciano; Chafino, Silvia; Sanchez, Alba; Botero-Gallego, Maryluz; Olona, Montserrat; Espineira, Sonia; Reverte, Laia; Skouridou, Vasso; Peiro, oscar M; Gomez-Bertomeu, Frederic; Vidal, Francesc; O' Sullivan, Ciara K; Rull, Anna

Abstract:
Background COVID-19 pneumonia causes hyperinflammatory response that culminates in acute respiratory syndrome (ARDS) related to increased multiorgan dysfunction and mortality risk. Antiviral-neutralizing immunoglobulins production reflect the host humoral status and illness severity, and thus, immunoglobulin (Ig) circulating levels could be evidence of COVID-19 prognosis.Methods The relationship among circulating immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) and COVID-19 pneumonia was evaluated using clinical information and blood samples in a COVID-19 cohort composed by 320 individuals recruited during the acute phase and followed up to 4 to 8 weeks (n = 252) from the Spanish first to fourth waves.Results COVID-19 pneumonia development depended on baseline Ig concentrations. Circulating IgA levels together with clinical features at acute phase was highly associated with COVID-19 pneumonia development. IgM was positively correlated with obesity (rho b = 0.156, P = 0.020), dyslipemia (rho b = 0.140, P = 0.029), COPD (rho b = 0.133, P = 0.037), cancer (rho b = 0.173, P = 0.007) and hypertension (rho b = 0.148, P = 0.020). Ig concentrations at recovery phase were related to COVID-19 treatments.Conclusions Our results provide valuable information on the dynamics of immunoglobulins upon SARS-CoV-2 infection or other similar viruses.