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Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms

  • Identification data

    Identifier: imarina:9454156
    Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9454156
    Authors:
    Butt, Muhammad AImran Akca, BMateos, Xavier
    Abstract:
    Integrated photonic biosensors are revolutionizing lab-on-a-chip technologies by providing highly sensitive, miniaturized, and label-free detection solutions for a wide range of biological and chemical targets. This review explores the foundational principles behind their operation, including the use of resonant photonic structures such as microring and whispering gallery mode resonators, as well as interferometric and photonic crystal-based designs. Special focus is given to the design strategies that optimize light-matter interaction, enhance sensitivity, and enable multiplexed detection. We detail state-of-the-art fabrication approaches compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processes, including the use of silicon, silicon nitride, and hybrid material platforms, which facilitate scalable production and seamless integration with microfluidic systems. Recent advancements are highlighted, including the implementation of optofluidic photonic crystal cavities, cascaded microring arrays with subwavelength gratings, and on-chip detector arrays capable of parallel biosensing. These innovations have achieved exceptional performance, with detection limits reaching the parts-per-billion level and real-time operation across various applications such as clinical diagnostics, environmental surveillance, and food quality assessment. Although challenges persist in handling complex biological samples and achieving consistent large-scale fabrication, the emergence of novel materials, advanced nanofabrication methods, and artificial intelligence-driven data analysis is accelerating the development of next-generation photonic biosensing platforms. These technologies are poised to deliver powerful, accessible, and cost-effective diagnostic tools for practical deployment

  • Others:

    Author, as appears in the article.: Butt, Muhammad A; Imran Akca, B; Mateos, Xavier
    Department: Química Física i Inorgànica
    URV's Author/s: Mateos Ferré, Xavier
    Keywords: Bio-diagnostic Bio-diagnostics Improvement Integrated optics Interferometer Lab-on-chip Microfluidics Mode Photonic sensors Quantum-dot lasers Ring-resonator Sensitivit Sensors Silicon-nitride Wave-guides
    Abstract: Integrated photonic biosensors are revolutionizing lab-on-a-chip technologies by providing highly sensitive, miniaturized, and label-free detection solutions for a wide range of biological and chemical targets. This review explores the foundational principles behind their operation, including the use of resonant photonic structures such as microring and whispering gallery mode resonators, as well as interferometric and photonic crystal-based designs. Special focus is given to the design strategies that optimize light-matter interaction, enhance sensitivity, and enable multiplexed detection. We detail state-of-the-art fabrication approaches compatible with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processes, including the use of silicon, silicon nitride, and hybrid material platforms, which facilitate scalable production and seamless integration with microfluidic systems. Recent advancements are highlighted, including the implementation of optofluidic photonic crystal cavities, cascaded microring arrays with subwavelength gratings, and on-chip detector arrays capable of parallel biosensing. These innovations have achieved exceptional performance, with detection limits reaching the parts-per-billion level and real-time operation across various applications such as clinical diagnostics, environmental surveillance, and food quality assessment. Although challenges persist in handling complex biological samples and achieving consistent large-scale fabrication, the emergence of novel materials, advanced nanofabrication methods, and artificial intelligence-driven data analysis is accelerating the development of next-generation photonic biosensing platforms. These technologies are poised to deliver powerful, accessible, and cost-effective diagnostic tools for practical deployment across diverse settings.
    Thematic Areas: Chemical engineering (all) Chemical engineering (miscellaneous) Chemistry, multidisciplinary Engenharias ii General chemical engineering General materials science Materials science (all) Materials science (miscellaneous) Materials science, multidisciplinary Nanoscience & nanotechnology Physics, applied
    licence for use: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Author's mail: xavier.mateos@urv.cat
    Author identifier: 0000-0003-1940-1990
    Record's date: 2025-06-07
    Paper version: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Paper original source: Nanomaterials. 15 (10): 731-
    APA: Butt, Muhammad A; Imran Akca, B; Mateos, Xavier (2025). Integrated Photonic Biosensors: Enabling Next-Generation Lab-on-a-Chip Platforms. Nanomaterials, 15(10), 731-. DOI: 10.3390/nano15100731
    Licence document URL: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Entity: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Journal publication year: 2025
    Publication Type: Journal Publications

  • Keywords:

    Chemical Engineering (Miscellaneous),Chemistry, Multidisciplinary,Materials Science (Miscellaneous),Materials Science, Multidisciplinary,Nanoscience & Nanotechnology,Physics, Applied
    Bio-diagnostic
    Bio-diagnostics
    Improvement
    Integrated optics
    Interferometer
    Lab-on-chip
    Microfluidics
    Mode
    Photonic sensors
    Quantum-dot lasers
    Ring-resonator
    Sensitivit
    Sensors
    Silicon-nitride
    Wave-guides
    Chemical engineering (all)
    Chemical engineering (miscellaneous)
    Chemistry, multidisciplinary
    Engenharias ii
    General chemical engineering
    General materials science
    Materials science (all)
    Materials science (miscellaneous)
    Materials science, multidisciplinary
    Nanoscience & nanotechnology
    Physics, applied

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