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Abundance or stress? Faunal exploitation patterns and subsistence strategies: The case study of Brush Hut 1 at Ohalo II, a submerged 23,000-year-old camp in the Sea of Galilee, Israel

  • Datos identificativos

    Identificador: imarina:9243775
    Autores:
    Steiner TBiton RNadel DRivals FRabinovich R
    Resumen:
    The submerged site of Ohalo II was occupied during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), between 23,500-22,500 cal BP, bridging the Upper Paleolithic/Epipaleolithic transition in the southern Levant. The site is known for the excellent preservation of its brush huts and botanical remains. This study examines the behavior of its past inhabitants through analysis of the entire faunal assemblage found on the three successive floors of Brush Hut 1. Furthermore, it provides an opportunity to test differing models of prey choice and assess whether the observed resource diversification is the result of resource depression (explained by Optimal Foraging Theory) or resource abundance (explained by Niche Construction Theory). We focused on a quantitative, qualitative and spatial investigation of the more than 20,000 faunal remains, combining traditional zooarchaeological methods with microwear analysis of teeth and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) of burnt bones. Identification of faunal remains to the most detailed level possible, combined with analysis of skeletal element frequencies allowed reconstruction of a profile of the desired prey, highlighting the importance of small, expedient prey compared to larger game (ungulates). FTIR was used to identify degrees of burning and to develop a key to identifying burnt bones from water-logged environments. Availability of multiple food sources within a rich habitat may have driven exploitation of those varied local resources, rather than targeting energetically-rich large prey. The choice of a littoral habitat that could be intensively exploited is an example of niche selection. Comparison with contemporaneous and later sites contributes to the ongoing discussion about Early Epipaleolithic prey choice, and the impact, if any,
  • Otros:

    Autor según el artículo: Steiner T; Biton R; Nadel D; Rivals F; Rabinovich R
    Departamento: Història i Història de l'Art
    Autor/es de la URV: Rivals, Florent Joseph Louis
    Palabras clave: Epipalaeolithic aggregation site wild cereal-grains taphonomic processes plant-food preparation occupation intensity jordan valley hammerstone percussion gazella-gazella fallow deer dama broad-spectrum revolution
    Resumen: The submerged site of Ohalo II was occupied during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), between 23,500-22,500 cal BP, bridging the Upper Paleolithic/Epipaleolithic transition in the southern Levant. The site is known for the excellent preservation of its brush huts and botanical remains. This study examines the behavior of its past inhabitants through analysis of the entire faunal assemblage found on the three successive floors of Brush Hut 1. Furthermore, it provides an opportunity to test differing models of prey choice and assess whether the observed resource diversification is the result of resource depression (explained by Optimal Foraging Theory) or resource abundance (explained by Niche Construction Theory). We focused on a quantitative, qualitative and spatial investigation of the more than 20,000 faunal remains, combining traditional zooarchaeological methods with microwear analysis of teeth and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) of burnt bones. Identification of faunal remains to the most detailed level possible, combined with analysis of skeletal element frequencies allowed reconstruction of a profile of the desired prey, highlighting the importance of small, expedient prey compared to larger game (ungulates). FTIR was used to identify degrees of burning and to develop a key to identifying burnt bones from water-logged environments. Availability of multiple food sources within a rich habitat may have driven exploitation of those varied local resources, rather than targeting energetically-rich large prey. The choice of a littoral habitat that could be intensively exploited is an example of niche selection. Comparison with contemporaneous and later sites contributes to the ongoing discussion about Early Epipaleolithic prey choice, and the impact, if any, of the LGM in the Jordan Valley. Ohalo II is an example of diverse prey choice motivated by abundance rather than stress, at a 23,000-year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers camp.
    Áreas temáticas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Sociology Sociología Serviço social Saúde coletiva Química Psychology Psicología Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia Odontología Nutrição Multidisciplinary sciences Multidisciplinary Medicine (miscellaneous) Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Materiais Matemática / probabilidade e estatística Linguística e literatura Letras / linguística Interdisciplinary research in the social sciences Interdisciplinar Human geography and urban studies History & philosophy of science Historia Geografía Geociências General medicine General biochemistry,genetics and molecular biology General agricultural and biological sciences Farmacia Environmental studies Ensino Engenharias iv Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Engenharias i Enfermagem Educação física Educação Economia Direito Demography Comunicação e informação Ciências sociais aplicadas i Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Ciência política e relações internacionais Ciência de alimentos Ciência da computação Biotecnología Biology Biodiversidade Biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (miscellaneous) Astronomia / física Arquitetura, urbanismo e design Archaeology Antropologia / arqueologia Anthropology Agricultural and biological sciences (miscellaneous) Administração, ciências contábeis e turismo Administração pública e de empresas, ciências contábeis e turismo
    Acceso a la licencia de uso: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Direcció de correo del autor: florent.rivals@urv.cat
    Identificador del autor: 0000-0001-8074-9254
    Fecha de alta del registro: 2024-07-27
    Versión del articulo depositado: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    Enlace a la fuente original: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0262434
    URL Documento de licencia: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Referencia al articulo segun fuente origial: Plos One. 17 (1): e0262434-e0262434
    Referencia de l'ítem segons les normes APA: Steiner T; Biton R; Nadel D; Rivals F; Rabinovich R (2022). Abundance or stress? Faunal exploitation patterns and subsistence strategies: The case study of Brush Hut 1 at Ohalo II, a submerged 23,000-year-old camp in the Sea of Galilee, Israel. Plos One, 17(1), e0262434-e0262434. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262434
    DOI del artículo: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262434
    Entidad: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Año de publicación de la revista: 2022
    Tipo de publicación: Journal Publications
  • Palabras clave:

    Agricultural and Biological Sciences (Miscellaneous),Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (Miscellaneous),Biology,Medicine (Miscellaneous),Multidisciplinary,Multidisciplinary Sciences
    Epipalaeolithic aggregation site
    wild cereal-grains
    taphonomic processes
    plant-food preparation
    occupation intensity
    jordan valley
    hammerstone percussion
    gazella-gazella
    fallow deer dama
    broad-spectrum revolution
    Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros
    Sociology
    Sociología
    Serviço social
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Psychology
    Psicología
    Planejamento urbano e regional / demografia
    Odontología
    Nutrição
    Multidisciplinary sciences
    Multidisciplinary
    Medicine (miscellaneous)
    Medicina veterinaria
    Medicina iii
    Medicina ii
    Medicina i
    Materiais
    Matemática / probabilidade e estatística
    Linguística e literatura
    Letras / linguística
    Interdisciplinary research in the social sciences
    Interdisciplinar
    Human geography and urban studies
    History & philosophy of science
    Historia
    Geografía
    Geociências
    General medicine
    General biochemistry,genetics and molecular biology
    General agricultural and biological sciences
    Farmacia
    Environmental studies
    Ensino
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias iii
    Engenharias ii
    Engenharias i
    Enfermagem
    Educação física
    Educação
    Economia
    Direito
    Demography
    Comunicação e informação
    Ciências sociais aplicadas i
    Ciências biológicas iii
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências ambientais
    Ciências agrárias i
    Ciência política e relações internacionais
    Ciência de alimentos
    Ciência da computação
    Biotecnología
    Biology
    Biodiversidade
    Biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (miscellaneous)
    Astronomia / física
    Arquitetura, urbanismo e design
    Archaeology
    Antropologia / arqueologia
    Anthropology
    Agricultural and biological sciences (miscellaneous)
    Administração, ciências contábeis e turis
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