Articles producció científica> Història i Història de l'Art

Microbotanical residues for the study of early hominin tools

  • Datos identificativos

    Identificador: imarina:9246575
    Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/imarina9246575
    Autores:
    Mercader JBelev GBushozi PClarke SFavreau JItambu MJianfeng ZKoromo SLarter FLee PMaley JFernández-Marchena JLMohamed AMwambwiga ANgisaruni BKingi MOlesilau LPatalano RPedergnana ASammynaiken RSiljedal JSoto MTucker LWalde DOllé A
    Resumen:
    More than 2 million years ago in East Africa, the earliest hominin stone tools evolved amidst changes in resource base, with pounding technology playing a key role in this adaptive process. Olduvai Gorge (now Oldupai) is a famed locality that remains paramount for the study of human evolution, also yielding some of the oldest battering tools in the world. However, direct evidence of the resources processed with these technologies is lacking entirely. One way to obtain this evidence is through the analysis of surviving residues. Yet, linking residues with past processing activities is not simple. In the case of plant exploitation, this link can only be established by assessing site-based reference collections inclusive of both anthropogenic and natural residues as a necessary first step and comparative starting point. In this paper, we assess microbotanical remains from rock clasts sourced at the same quarry utilized by Oldowan hominins at Oldupai Gorge. We mapped this signal and analysed it quantitatively to classify its spatial distribution objectively, extracting proxies for taxonomic identification and further comparison with freestanding soils. In addition, we used blanks to manufacture pounding tools for blind, controlled replication of plant processing. We discovered that stone blanks are in fact environmental reservoirs in which plant remains are trapped by lithobionts, preserved as hardened accretions. Tool use, on the other hand, creates residue clusters; however, their spatial distribution can be discriminated from purely natural assemblages by the georeferencing of residues and statistical analysis of resulting patterns. To conclude, we provide a protocol for best practice and a workflow that has the advantage of overcoming environmental noise, reducing the r

  • Otros:

    Autor según el artículo: Mercader J; Belev G; Bushozi P; Clarke S; Favreau J; Itambu M; Jianfeng Z; Koromo S; Larter F; Lee P; Maley J; Fernández-Marchena JL; Mohamed A; Mwambwiga A; Ngisaruni B; Kingi M; Olesilau L; Patalano R; Pedergnana A; Sammynaiken R; Siljedal J; Soto M; Tucker L; Walde D; Ollé A
    Departamento: Història i Història de l'Art
    Autor/es de la URV: Mercader Sanjuan, Jordi / Ollé Cañellas, Andreu
    Palabras clave: Early stone-age tanzania site plant percussion tools olduvai gorge koobi-fora contamination biofilms bed-ii
    Resumen: More than 2 million years ago in East Africa, the earliest hominin stone tools evolved amidst changes in resource base, with pounding technology playing a key role in this adaptive process. Olduvai Gorge (now Oldupai) is a famed locality that remains paramount for the study of human evolution, also yielding some of the oldest battering tools in the world. However, direct evidence of the resources processed with these technologies is lacking entirely. One way to obtain this evidence is through the analysis of surviving residues. Yet, linking residues with past processing activities is not simple. In the case of plant exploitation, this link can only be established by assessing site-based reference collections inclusive of both anthropogenic and natural residues as a necessary first step and comparative starting point. In this paper, we assess microbotanical remains from rock clasts sourced at the same quarry utilized by Oldowan hominins at Oldupai Gorge. We mapped this signal and analysed it quantitatively to classify its spatial distribution objectively, extracting proxies for taxonomic identification and further comparison with freestanding soils. In addition, we used blanks to manufacture pounding tools for blind, controlled replication of plant processing. We discovered that stone blanks are in fact environmental reservoirs in which plant remains are trapped by lithobionts, preserved as hardened accretions. Tool use, on the other hand, creates residue clusters; however, their spatial distribution can be discriminated from purely natural assemblages by the georeferencing of residues and statistical analysis of resulting patterns. To conclude, we provide a protocol for best practice and a workflow that has the advantage of overcoming environmental noise, reducing the risk of false positive, delivering a firm understanding of residues as polygenic mixtures, a reliable use of controls, and most importantly, a stronger link between microbotanical remains and stone tool use.
    Áreas temáticas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Psicología Odontología Nutrição Multidisciplinary sciences Multidisciplinary Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Materiais Matemática / probabilidade e estatística Letras / linguística Interdisciplinar Geografía Geociências Farmacia Engenharias iv Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Educação Economia Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Ciência da computação Biotecnología Biodiversidade Astronomia / física
    Acceso a la licencia de uso: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
    Direcció de correo del autor: andreu.olle@urv.cat jordi.mercader@estudiants.urv.cat
    Identificador del autor: 0000-0002-8643-5536
    Fecha de alta del registro: 2024-08-03
    Versión del articulo depositado: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    URL Documento de licencia: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
    Referencia al articulo segun fuente origial: Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 2951-
    Referencia de l'ítem segons les normes APA: Mercader J; Belev G; Bushozi P; Clarke S; Favreau J; Itambu M; Jianfeng Z; Koromo S; Larter F; Lee P; Maley J; Fernández-Marchena JL; Mohamed A; Mwamb (2022). Microbotanical residues for the study of early hominin tools. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2951-. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06959-1
    Entidad: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
    Año de publicación de la revista: 2022
    Tipo de publicación: Journal Publications

  • Palabras clave:

    Multidisciplinary,Multidisciplinary Sciences
    Early stone-age
    tanzania
    site
    plant
    percussion tools
    olduvai gorge
    koobi-fora
    contamination
    biofilms
    bed-ii
    Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros
    Saúde coletiva
    Química
    Psicología
    Odontología
    Nutrição
    Multidisciplinary sciences
    Multidisciplinary
    Medicina veterinaria
    Medicina iii
    Medicina ii
    Medicina i
    Materiais
    Matemática / probabilidade e estatística
    Letras / linguística
    Interdisciplinar
    Geografía
    Geociências
    Farmacia
    Engenharias iv
    Engenharias iii
    Engenharias ii
    Enfermagem
    Educação física
    Educação
    Economia
    Ciências biológicas iii
    Ciências biológicas ii
    Ciências biológicas i
    Ciências ambientais
    Ciências agrárias i
    Ciência de alimentos
    Ciência da computação
    Biotecnología
    Biodiversidade
    Astronomia / física

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