Autor según el artículo: Mercader J; Belev G; Bushozi P; Clarke S; Favreau J; Itambu M; Jianfeng Z; Koromo S; Larter F; Lee P; Maley J; Fernández-Marchena JL; Mohamed A; Mwambwiga A; Ngisaruni B; Kingi M; Olesilau L; Patalano R; Pedergnana A; Sammynaiken R; Siljedal J; Soto M; Tucker L; Walde D; Ollé A
Departamento: Història i Història de l'Art
Autor/es de la URV: Mercader Sanjuan, Jordi / Ollé Cañellas, Andreu
Palabras clave: Early stone-age tanzania site plant percussion tools olduvai gorge koobi-fora contamination biofilms bed-ii
Resumen: More than 2 million years ago in East Africa, the earliest hominin stone tools evolved amidst changes in resource base, with pounding technology playing a key role in this adaptive process. Olduvai Gorge (now Oldupai) is a famed locality that remains paramount for the study of human evolution, also yielding some of the oldest battering tools in the world. However, direct evidence of the resources processed with these technologies is lacking entirely. One way to obtain this evidence is through the analysis of surviving residues. Yet, linking residues with past processing activities is not simple. In the case of plant exploitation, this link can only be established by assessing site-based reference collections inclusive of both anthropogenic and natural residues as a necessary first step and comparative starting point. In this paper, we assess microbotanical remains from rock clasts sourced at the same quarry utilized by Oldowan hominins at Oldupai Gorge. We mapped this signal and analysed it quantitatively to classify its spatial distribution objectively, extracting proxies for taxonomic identification and further comparison with freestanding soils. In addition, we used blanks to manufacture pounding tools for blind, controlled replication of plant processing. We discovered that stone blanks are in fact environmental reservoirs in which plant remains are trapped by lithobionts, preserved as hardened accretions. Tool use, on the other hand, creates residue clusters; however, their spatial distribution can be discriminated from purely natural assemblages by the georeferencing of residues and statistical analysis of resulting patterns. To conclude, we provide a protocol for best practice and a workflow that has the advantage of overcoming environmental noise, reducing the risk of false positive, delivering a firm understanding of residues as polygenic mixtures, a reliable use of controls, and most importantly, a stronger link between microbotanical remains and stone tool use.
Áreas temáticas: Zootecnia / recursos pesqueiros Saúde coletiva Química Psicología Odontología Nutrição Multidisciplinary sciences Multidisciplinary Medicina veterinaria Medicina iii Medicina ii Medicina i Materiais Matemática / probabilidade e estatística Letras / linguística Interdisciplinar Geografía Geociências Farmacia Engenharias iv Engenharias iii Engenharias ii Enfermagem Educação física Educação Economia Ciências biológicas iii Ciências biológicas ii Ciências biológicas i Ciências ambientais Ciências agrárias i Ciência de alimentos Ciência da computação Biotecnología Biodiversidade Astronomia / física
Acceso a la licencia de uso: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Direcció de correo del autor: andreu.olle@urv.cat jordi.mercader@estudiants.urv.cat
Identificador del autor: 0000-0002-8643-5536
Fecha de alta del registro: 2024-08-03
Versión del articulo depositado: info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Enlace a la fuente original: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-06959-1
URL Documento de licencia: https://repositori.urv.cat/ca/proteccio-de-dades/
Referencia al articulo segun fuente origial: Scientific Reports. 12 (1): 2951-
Referencia de l'ítem segons les normes APA: Mercader J; Belev G; Bushozi P; Clarke S; Favreau J; Itambu M; Jianfeng Z; Koromo S; Larter F; Lee P; Maley J; Fernández-Marchena JL; Mohamed A; Mwamb (2022). Microbotanical residues for the study of early hominin tools. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 2951-. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06959-1
DOI del artículo: 10.1038/s41598-022-06959-1
Entidad: Universitat Rovira i Virgili
Año de publicación de la revista: 2022
Tipo de publicación: Journal Publications
Repositori URV