Marcadores bioquímicos emergentes relacionados con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Identificador:  TDX:2395

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2395

Autors:  Díaz López, Andrés

Resum:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease with high morbidity and a major cause of premature mortality, which, in a large extent could be prevented. The identification of new pathways and/or biomarkers implicated in its pathophysiology can help in the early detection of the disease, and could provide new therapeutic approaches. Recently, various research groups have shown special interest in sTWEAK, a multifunctional cytokine involved in the pro/anti-inflammatory response, its scavenger receptor CD163 and in osteocalcin (OC), a component of the bone matrix; all them related with glucose metabolism. This thesis has been conducted in the framework of the PREDIMED Study, a parallel-group, multicenter randomized trial evaluating the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess the associations between baseline serum concentrations of sTWEAK, sCD163 and both forms of OC [carboxylated (cOC) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC)] and the future development of T2DM in an elderly population at high cardiovascular risk and free of T2DM at the beginning of the study. Additionally, we also aimed at exploring the relationship between sTWEAK and metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence. A prospective, nested case-control study was performed including 153 cases of newly diagnosed diabetic subjects and 306 individually matched controls free of diabetes during 5-years of the follow-up. The results of the present work demonstrated that low levels of sTWEAK and both cOC and ucOC at baseline are prospectively associated with an increased diabetes risk. We also found that low levels sTWEAK were associated with a higher prevalence of MS, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. No relationship between serum levels sCD163 and diabetes incidence was found. The results of the present thesis suggest that circulating levels of sTWEAK and OC, may be useful as potential biomarkers for predicting T2DM.