Disseny i avaluació del web 2.0 'Cuidadoras Crónicos' de suport a cuidadores de persones amb problemes crònics de salut

Identificador:  TDX:2912

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2912

Autors:  Martí Arques, Rut

Resum:
Introduction: Having cared for a dependent person is often a great source of stress that can affect the health and quality of life of the caregiver in an important way. Caring for the caregiver is an essential element to ensure the care of patients and the maintenance of quality of their lives. Objective: To design, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a 2.0 advisory program for non-professional caregivers of patients with chronic health problems. Methodology: Descriptive, quasi-experimental cross-sectional study with repeated measures before and after the intervention, longitudinal and multicentric. The investigation was carried out in three phases. The web www.cuidadorascronicos.com was designed. The population studied was the non-professional caregivers of patients with chronic health problems. The questionnaires used were: ad hoc sociodemographic data, Zarit overload, Duke-Unc-11 social support, positive mental health. The degree of satisfaction in the use of the web and the analysis of its use was assessed. The relationship between qualitative variables was performed with the Chi-square test (χ²) or Fisher's exact statistic and the t-Student test was used to determine the pre- and post-intervention efficacy. Results: The caregivers were women over 50 years old, whom were using the mobile phone and had a computer at home with access to the Internet. The website is freely accessible under the Creative Commons license and complying with the HONcode code guidelines. The post-intervention results reflect a moderate level of overload, a normal perceived social support with a tendency to increase (p = 0.068) at the post-intervention moment and a tendency to lower autonomy (Factor 4) after the intervention ( p = 0.076). The overall rating of the website is 7.9 ± 2.0 (X̄ ± SD) out of 10. Conclusions: The comparative pre- and post-intervention results indicate that no statistically significant differences are observed. ICTs allow us to address new models of attention to chronic diseases and care of the caregiver's health. The evaluation of the effectiveness of these complementary resources is scarce and it is necessary develop studies like this, which evaluate the effectiveness of the programs used.