Identificador: TDX:752
Autors:
Reina Lozano, José Antonio
Resum:
In this work thermosetting materials were prepared by chemical modification of available chlorinated polymers with unsaturated carboxylic acids and further crosslinking through their double bonds. First, a wide study of the reaction of poly(epichlorohydrin) (PECH) wiht 10-undecenoic acid was carried out in order to establish the optimum modification conditions. After that, the chemical modification of PECH and epichlorohydrin-ethylene oxide 1:1 copolymer (PECH-PEO) was carried out with several unsaturated carboxylic acids (10-undecenoic acid, 4-pentenoic acid, 3-butenoic acid, 2-(thioallyl)nicotinic acid, 4-(2-propenoxi)benzoic acid, 4-(5-hexenoxi)benzoic acid, 3-(2-propenoxi)-2-naftoic acid and 3-(5-hexenoxi)-2-naftoic acid), achieving in all cases high functionalization degrees. It must be noted that, in all these reactions, previously reported degradation and crosslinking side processes occurred.All these polymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, viscosimetric measurements, osmometry, size exclusion chromatography, thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scannig calorimetry (DSC), and the ones showing crystalline phases also by X-ray powder diffractometry.DSC and TGA measurements show that thermal crosslinking, which in all cases takes place at high temperatures, overlaps for all polymers with the thermal degradation process. Thus, in order to reach thermosets by carbon-carbon double bonds polymerization it was necessary the use of radical initiators. First, different catalysts were tested (AIBN, t-butylcyclohexylperoxy dicarbonate, dicumyl peroxide and benzoyl peroxide) dicumyl peroxide being the one which led to better results. In fact, this initiator allowed crosslinking at low temperatures of most of the synthesized polymers. Furth
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