Approaches to asymmetric catalysis with polymer-supported pyrrolidines

Identificador:  TDX:963

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX963

Autors:  Alza Barrios, Esther

Resum:
The present research project developed is focused in the immobilization of catalytic systems allowing the formation of carbon-carbon and carbonheteroatom bonds through enantioselective procedures with improved sustainability characteristics (suppression of catalyst separation steps, preferential use of water as a solvent under aerobic conditions, avoidance of protecting groups and, hence, of protection and deprotection steps). In particular, the study is directed towards the organocatalysis field, although also asymmetric catalytic processes mediated by metal complexes have been developed. The approach introduced by our group combines the optimization of the catalytic properties of the ligands, which is greatly facilitated by their modular nature, with a design principle consisting in performing the anchoring to the polymer through auxiliary functional groups, positioned on the ligand molecule for minimal perturbation of the catalytic site. In this manner, we have been able to develop polymersupported ligands that do not show any decrease in catalytic activity or in enantioselectivity with respect to their homogeneous counterparts. The usual anchoring strategy used is the Cu-catalyzed azide/alkyne 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition. In this manner, in this work proline and pyrrolidine derivatives have been synthesized to catalyze organic transformations via enamine and iminium ion mechanisms as Mannich or Michael reactions. Organocatalytic cascade process has also been reported as useful method for the preparation of highly functionalized cyclohexane derivatives in a straightforward and efficient manner and the use of supported organocatalysts has allowed us to implement this reactions not only in batch processes but also in continuous flow conditions obtaining large amount of d