High nuclearity polyoxometalates as water oxidation catalysts: from experiments to theory

Identifier:  TDX:2217

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2217

Authors:  Soriano López, Joaquín

Abstract:
In this Thesis we demonstrate how the nonanuclear [Co9(H2O)6(OH)3(HPO4)2(PW9O34)3]16− cluster (Co9) is active in the solid state towards water oxidation catalysis. Precipitation of the POM with Cs+ leads to an insoluble salt in water at room temperature (CsCo9) which, blended with carbon paste, and incorporated into an electrode, promote heterogeneous catalytic water electrolysis at pH7 with remarkable stability even at pH1, where cobalt oxide is unstable, and with Faradaic O2 evolution. This salt is also active under light-driven experiments employing a sensitizer and a sacrificial acceptor at pH7. The maximum turnover numbers and initial turnover frequencies are improved by 2-fold when employing the sensitizer as countercation, without the need of use sensitizer in the solution. In both, electrochemical and light-driven experiments, we present several lines of evidence to rule out the participation of cobalt oxide as catalyst. Finally, we propose a plausible reaction mechanism for water oxidation catalyzed with cobalt-containing polyoxometalates by means of DFT calculations. We study the mechanism with two sandwich polyoxometalates [Co4(H2O)2(XW9O34)2]10- (X = P(V), V(V)), identifying the formation of the active species (POM-Co(III)-O·), which is a radical species, as the overpotential-limiting step. The kinetic differences observed experimentally with both clusters for oxygen production are also identified in our computational study.