Pd-catalysed Carbonylations of Anilines in Ionic Liquid

Identifier:  TDX:2578

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2578

Authors:  Zahrtmann, Nanette

Abstract:
This thesis describes the study of several palladium catalysts with commercially available phosphorus and nitrogen donor ligands, either as sole ligand or in combination with N-heterocyclic carbenes. The palladium systems were applied in carbonylation of anilines for the formation of amides and ureas. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a brief introduction to the carbonylation chemisty of homogeneous palladium catalysts. Carbonylation reactions involving ionic liquids and SILP catalysts is also discussed. The second chapter deals with the formation of amides from anilines. A novel catalytic system is disclosed and a mechanism is proposed. The third chapter covers the study of two catalytic systems for the formation of diphenyl urea involving ionic liquids as solvent and reaction facilitator. The fourth chapter describes the transfer of the ionic liquid mediated oxidative carbonylation of aniline into flow. Supported ionic liquid phase technology was applied for the heterogenization of the molecular catalyst.