Computational approaches for the characterization of the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV inhibition: Applications to drug discovery, drug design and binding site similarity

Identifier:  TDX:2635

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2635

Authors:  Ojeda Montes, María José

Abstract:
The inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) enzyme has emerged over the last decade as one of the most effective treatments for type II diabetes mellitus with low risk for hypoglycemia and weight gain. Structure-activity relationship analyses and virtual screening protocols have been used to explain how ligands interact with the DPP- IV binding site and to mine large databases of small molecules searching for new DPP-IV inhibitors. The present doctoral thesis has been therefore focused on: (a) the characterization of DPP-IV inhibition in order to suggest how virtual screening protocols may be improved either to favor the identification of potent and selective DPP-IV inhibitors or to look for new lead molecules; (b) the design of a computational strategy suitable for identifying new lead compounds with very low (or no) similarity to known actives in purchasable databases; (c) the demonstration that, at least partly, the described antidiabetic effect of different Ephedra species extracts is the result of the DPP-IV inhibitory bioactivity by ephedrine and the ephedrine-derivatives found in these extracts and (d) the analysis of the physico-chemical features shared by the DPP-IV and β2-adrenergic receptors binding sites and their comparison in order to evaluate if small molecules with dual bioactivity as DPP-IV inhibitors and β-blockers are possible. It is noteworthy that our work provides a new hypothesis about the cardioprotective effect associated with DPP-IV inhibition and opens the door to a single treatment focused toward type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases involved in the metabolic syndrome.