Effects of hesperidin on cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers: An omics science approach approach

Identifier:  TDX:3171

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX3171

Authors:  Pla Pagà, Laura

Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the polyphenol hesperidin could have cardioprotective effects. The main objective is to evaluate the effects of the consumption of hesperidin on cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers, and to elucidate the possible mechanisms of action thought the application of different omics approaches. To achieve it, 5 projects were carried out: a systematic review to known the scientific evidence available on the subject, a randomized and controlled nutritional intervention study in humans (CRITUS study), followed by a transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis derived from the population of the CITRUS study, and finally an experimental study with rats where a proteomics analysis was performed. The results indicated that the consumption of hesperidin has beneficial effects on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers in humans by reducing the levels of systolic blood pressure and pulse pressures in subjects with mild hypertension. Therefore, hesperidin can be a useful co-adjuvant tool for blood pressure and pulse pressure management. The mechanisms of action of hesperidin can be explained through the transcriptomics and metabolomics analyzes performed that showed decreases in pro-inflammatory genes and endogenous metabolites related to blood pressure and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the proteomic analysis carried out in rats with metabolic syndrome showed the ability of hesperidin to modify the expression of proteins in kidney and heart tissue related to the cardiovascular system, also exerting a cardioprotective effec