Identifier: TDX:4287
Authors: Dronjak, Lara
Abstract:
Microplastic (MP) pollution is a global concern, with its presence documented in natural ecosystems like water, soil, and air, raising alarms among scientists and the public. MP particles are synthetic solids, ranging from 1 μm to 5 mm, insoluble in water, and originating from various sources including primary and secondary manufacturing. They enter the environment through multiple pathways such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), urban runoff, rivers, atmospheric deposition and others.
WWTPs, designed to clean water, inadvertently release MPs into the environment. While removal efficiency is high (over 95%), a significant number of MPs still escape through effluent discharge. These particles can carry toxic chemicals due to their properties, potentially impacting ecosystems.
MPs originating from rivers also pose a concern as they can reach drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). Our study have shown that DWTPs can effectively reduce MPs, with clarifiers and sand filtration achieving over 99% removal. However, MPs are still present in DWTP's effluents.
MPs removed from wastewater tend to accumulate in sludge, posing threats when used as agricultural fertilizers. High concentrations of MPs discovered in organic waste amendments raised concern for the introduction of MPs into terrestrial ecosystems through soil amendments.
Expanding research to marine sediments in San Francisco Bay, another reservoir for MPs, revealed high concentrations due to urbanization. Tackling this challenge necessitates comprehensive measures, including better waste management, reduced plastic use, enhanced wastewater treatment, and increased public awareness.
In conclusion, addressing microplastic pollution requires a multifaceted approach. Future research should explore ecological and health impacts, innovative solutions, and standardized analysis methods. Collaborative efforts are crucial to effectively combat this global issue.
Repositori URV