New approaches for the desing of chiral catalysts. Application in carbonylation reactions.

Identifier:  TDX:866

Handle:  https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX866

Authors:  Muñoz Moreno, Bianca Karelia

Abstract:
Nowadays the industrial interest of the carbonylated products has attracted the attention of scientists towards the development of new efficient catalytic systems. The alcoxycarbonylation of vinyl arenes has been considered an alternative route to obtain 2-aryl propionic acids, the most important class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Copolymers formed by carbon monoxide and alkenes are materials of industrial interest due to their potential application as engineering thermoplastics. The concept of atomic economy has influenced the development of industrial catalytic processes. The waste diminishing by the complete conversion of reagents into the desired product in a catalytic process introduce the homogeneous catalysis as an attractive sustainable technology. The knowledge of the carbonylation mechanisms is of great importance for the design of new highly efficient catalytic systems.Based on these considerations, the first objective of this thesis was to develop new catalytic palladium systems and its application in the asymmetric methoxycarbonylation of vinyl arenes, in order to obtain high regio-and enantioselectivities simultaneously. The second objective was to synthesise new cationic palladium complexes and to study the activity in the copolymerisation reaction. To achieve the first objective, palladium complexes modified with monodentate and bidentate phosphine ligands were explored. In order to know more about the influence of the nature of the ligand on the mechanism, a mechanistic study under similar conditions to those used in the catalysis was performed. To achieve the second objective new cationic palladium complexes modified with diphosphine ligands derived from D-(+)-xylofuranose were synthesised. The new complexes were tested in the CO/ethene,