Identificador: TDX:2684
Autores: Becerra Tomás, Nerea
Resumen:
It has been shown that dietary patterns are differently associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Whereas the Western diet seems to increase the risk of these chronic diseases, plant-based diets, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet),
seem to decrease the risk. In order to better understand the different effects on disease risk among dietary patterns, it is important to analyze the role that specific food groups play on the risk of developing MetS and T2D.
The main aim of the present dissertation was to evaluate the association between the consumption of meat and dairy products with the risk of MetS or the incidence of some of its individual components, as well as to assess the association between legumes consumption and T2D development risk.
The results showed a non-significant inverse association between total dairy consumption and the risk of MetS incidence. The consumption of low-fat dairy products, low-fat milk and yogurt (total, low-fat and whole-fat yogurt) was associated with a lower risk of MetS and some of its individual components. Contrary, the consumption of cheese was positively associated with the MetS risk. Likewise, total meat intake was also associated with the risk of MetS and the development of some of its components. Whereas red meat and processed red meat were associated with a higher risk of MetS, poultry was associated with a lower risk. Finally, total legume consumption, particularly lentils, was associated with a lower risk of T2D incidence.
In conclusion, high consumption of low-fat dairy products and yogurt (regardless the fat content), together with the preference for poultry rather than red meat or processed red meat, and high frequency consumption of legumes, would be beneficial for the prevention of MetS and T2D among Mediterranean individuals at high CVD risk.
Repositori URV