Estudio del ganglio centinela por método molecular en pacientes con cáncer de mama y axila clínicamente negativa que han recibido quimioterapia neoadyuvante

Identificador:  TDX:2846

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2846

Autores:  Peña González, Karla

Resumen:
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent tumor in Western women. In the last decades the heterogeneity of breast carcinomas has been recognized and studied, and through the use of gene expression analysis, several molecular subtypes have been identified and the use of immunohistochemical markers has been adapted in daily clinical practice identify them routinely. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been widely used to treat breast cancer and the response of a tumor to systemic treatment is related to an increase in long-term survival. Likewise, axillary lymph node status continues to be the most important prognostic factor for patients with early-stage breast cancer. Methods: retrospective and descriptive cohort study, which included 92 patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer cT2-cT3 cN0 stages, who underwent NAC and then surgery with selective biopsy of sentinel lymph node (SLNB) by the OSNA method at the University Hospital Sant Joan de Reus . From the database of the Pathology deparment, data were collected such as the tumor grade, the histological type, the pathological response of the tumor to the NAC, the total number of SLN obtained, the number of copies of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) from CK19 and the status of axillary nodes sentinels. Results: The most observed intrinsic tumoral subtype was Luminal B (61.96%) .The pathological response of the tumor to systemic treatment was partial in 59 cases (65.22%), complete in 28 (30.44%) and not response was observed in 5 cases (4.35%). The Gc was positive in 38 patients and in 6 of them more axillary no sentinel lymph nodes were found. All of them presented tumors of the Luminal B subtype with a partial pathological response. Conclusion: Patients who present positive GC but show an RPc in the breast may have a low probability of presenting more no sentinel lymph nodes affected in the axilla.