Efectividad de un programa de actividad física sobre la salud cardiovascular y la calidad de vida en usuarios de atención primaria . Ensayo clínico aleatorizado.

Identificador:  TDX:2971

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX2971

Autores:  Villalobos Martínez, Felipe

Resumen:
Introduction: there is a high prevalence and mortality from CVD; and a poor perception of the quality of life in the population. Physical activity is a strategy for improving cardiovascular health and quality of life. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of a physical activity intervention program on cardiovascular health and quality of life in adult users of primary care. Methodology: randomized clinical trial, controlled and multicenter of 9-month duration. 419 adults were recruited. Intervention: 120 minutes/week of group walks, supervised and monthly social-cultural activities. At the baseline and at the final of the intervention, it was assessed: medical history, physical activity, food consumption, cardiovascular health (CVD risk factors and overall CVD risk), self-esteem and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Two years after the intervention: incidence of cardiovascular adverse events and adherence to physical activity. Results: 364 participants completed the study (control group (CG) = 104; intervention group (IG) = 260); mean age 65.19 years; 76.8% women. At the final of the intervention, the IG increased total physical activity, compared to the CG. There were no differences in food consumption. Similar results were observed by gender and chronic diseases groups. The intervention program decreased systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and overall CVD risk, increased glucose and improved self-esteem and HRQoL. Being only significant the HRQOL in women. Two years after the intervention, benefits on the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events and adherence to regular physical activity regular were observed. Similar benefits in cardiovascular health and HRQoL than in the general population were observed in chronic diseases groups. No benefit in HRQoL was observed in diabetics. In hypertensive patients increased the percentage of subjects with controlled blood pressure; related to the change of the overall CVS risk and HRQoL. Conclusions: The physical activity intervention program had favorable effectiveness on cardiovascular health and quality of life in adult users of primary care.