Síntesi de copolímers tribloc ABA derivats de fonts renovables basats en policarbonats

Identificador:  TDX:4168

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX4168

Autores:  Pérez Das Dores, Aarón

Resumen:
Aliphatic polycarbonates (PCAs), due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility, are particularly interesting for the packaging industry and feature multiple biomedical applications as well as other specialized applications such as adaptable covalent networks, or 3D printing materials. Conventional PCAs, such as poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) or poly(dimethyl trimethylene carbonate) (PDTC) are hydrophobic and have slow degradation rates, low glass transition temperatures and poor mechanical properties for many uses. To improve these properties, control degradation and extend the field of application have developed different strategies, one of the most commonly is the copolymerization. Random copolymerization with simple cyclic ester such as lactide or -caprolactone to modify the structure of the main chain by introducing ester units is most widely described in literature. On the other hand, the use of controlled polymerization methods has enabled block copolymers with high control of monomer composition and sequence. For example, polycarbonate polyester-mediated polymerizations of cleavages and cyclic carbonates have been obtained. Block copolymers can also be obtained by combining ROP and controlled radical polymerization, although few examples describe this latest synthetic strategy. In this context, the general aim of this thesis is to obtain polycarbonate-based block copolymers and renewable source derivatives, using controlled polymerization methods such as ROP and ATRP. To this end, the synthesis of a six-membered cyclic carbonate has been developed from glycerol as a renewable source. The study of ring-opening polymerization of six-membered carbonates using organocatalysts has been carried out and functionalized polycarbonates with hydroxyl groups have been obtained. The study of ATRP polymerization of furfuryl methacrylate and isobornyl methacrylate, derived from renewable sources, has been carried out using conventional catalytic metallic systems as well as the study of photoinduced ATRP polymerization of monomer attire using organocatalysts. Finally, ABA block copolymers have been synthesized and characterized using PTMC as macroinitiator and ATRP techniques for FMA and IBMA, and studies of the reversible crosslinked of FMA-derived block copolymers using a renewable itaconimide.