Efectividad de una intervención grupal psicoeducativa realizada por enfermeras de Atención primaria en personas con depresión y comorbilidad física

Identificador:  TDX:4463

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX4463

Autores:  Raya Tena, Antonia

Resumen:
According to the World Health Organization, it currently affects around 300 million people worldwide. There is some evidence of the link between physical illness and depression, with depression present in 20% of individuals with a chronic physical condition. The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of a psychoeducational group intervention conducted by Primary Care nurses for people with depression and physical comorbidity. The overall study is framed within a mixed-method design with a sequential explanatory strategy. It includes patients aged ≥50 years with a diagnosis of depression (BDI-II > 12) and some physical comorbidity, from 31 Primary Care Teams (PCTs) throughout Catalonia. A total of 380 patients were included in the study: IG (n=204) and CG (n=176). The participants had a mean age of 68.4 years (SD: 8.8), and 81.6% were women. The effectiveness study results showed that clinical remission was 53.9% in the IG and 41.5% in the CG at 12 months, a statistically significant difference. These values remained consistent when the model was adjusted for gender and age (OR= 0.61, 95% CI, 0.48-0.76). Therapeutic response improved at 4 months in the IG, with significant differences as well; and the adjusted model for gender and age (OR= 0.59, 95% CI, 0.44-0.78) did not alter the results.. In the nurses' diaries and narratives, gender differences were identified in the expression of emotions and life experiences of the participants, as well as in the coping strategies they used. The psychoeducational group intervention led by PC nurses for people with depression and physical comorbidity is effective in long-term depression remission and short-term therapeutic response. Patients with moderate depression benefited the most, showing significant remission of depression in both the long and short term and a long-term therapeutic response. Gender differences are noted in the experiences, emotions, and lives of participants receiving the intervention, with changes in coping strategies throughout the sessions, leading to the acquisition of more effective skills and behaviors that contribute to reducing their emotional distress.