Estudio comparativo entre dos bloqueos periféricos ecoguiados para analgesia postoperatoria de artroplastia total primaria de rodilla.

Identificador:  TDX:4515

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TDX4515

Autores:  Mira Puerto, Alejandra

Resumen:
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most prevalent orthopaedic surgeries. Half of the patients undergoing TKA have severe pain after surgery. A randomized interventional clinical trial was conducted on a sample of 60 patients undergoing TKA to evaluate the anaesthetic quality within the first 48 hours after TKA. Thirty patients in the control group (CG) received the usual anaesthetic protocol applied in the Hospital (neuraxial anaesthesia with femoral nerve block and opioid administration), whereas 30 patients in the experimental group (EG) received tibial nerve block but without systematic opioid administration. Patients in the EG showed the same level of pain at rest in the joint in the postoperative period and less pain with knee mobilization. The presence of pain was measured directly with the NRS (Numerical Pain Rating Scale) and indirectly through the need for rescue analgesia and opioid intake in both groups. The EG required less rescue analgesia and took significantly fewer opioids throughout the study period. In conclusion, this thesis shows that the block of the tibial nerve together with the femoral nerve achieves a postoperative analgesia quality equivalent to the usual protocol, thus avoiding the need to take opioids.