Identifier: TFG:2677
Authors: Álvarez Marco, Claudia
Abstract:
A digestive ostomy supposes a functional and aesthetic change in the human body. This alteration has an impact on an emotional and vital level. The main objective of this study is to analyze these two aspects. For this, the process of confrontation and adaptation of the ostomized people is deepened. In addition, the role of the family, the social and work environment and, of course, the nursing role around these patients are analyzed. Other possible modifications that these people experience in their daily lives once the stoma has been created are also studied, such as in the sphere of sexuality, food or rest. As a starting point to understand all the changes that a digestive ostomy involves, the Theory of Transitions, by Afaf Ibrahim Meleis is used. This theory considers the creation of the ostomy as a transition of the health and disease type. This is a qualitative and phenomenological study, in which three semi-structured interviews are performed, and the information obtained is analyzed by the Taylor and Bodgan (1987) model. This process allows us to conclude that the initial confrontation is the moment of greatest emotional impact, and is related to the personality of the patient with an ostomy, and his strategies and ability of adaptation to changes. This emotional affectation progress with the accomplishment of autonomy in ostomy care, the social integration and having an occupation. Quality of life is diminished if the patient suffers leaks or complications related to his ostomy. Furthermore, the greatest limitation they encounter in their social life are the noise and odors emitted by the ostomy and the lack of adequate public toilets for them. Another fact to highlight is the aesthetic impact of the ostomy, and its influence in aspects such as sexual relations and clothing. Family support and the role of nursing as a source of information and health education are essential in this transition.
Repositori URV