Neonatal abstinence syndrome

Identifier:  TFG:2914

Handle: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11797/TFG2914

Authors:  Chanovas Colomé, Eulàlia

Abstract:
Neonatal abstinencesyndrome. Systematic review. Chanovas Colomé, Eulàlia.Background: Substance abuse is a growing public health problem in our society. It is estimated that 1/10 newborns might have been exposed to drugs during pregnancy. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (also called NAS) is a result of the sudden discontinuation of fetal exposure to substances that were used or abused by the mother during pregnancy. Throughout early life screening of NAS and proper monitoring and assessment, the prevention of NAS could be prevented and improve the well-being of the newborn. Objective: A literature review was performedto determine which nursing interventions reduce time to hospital discharge and contribute to a faster recovery of neonates diagnosed with NAS, as well as how they reduce the economic impact in the health system. Methods: A systematic literature review of the study of NAS in neonates in four scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, WoS) with PRISMA was performed. Results: 19 research articles were included for this systematic review. The articles included in this review focus on alternative approaches, comparison between pharmacological treatments, paternal involvement, professional training in detection, assessment, and improvement of NAS and policymaking to decrease the time to hospital length and economic impact in the health system.Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach including training of health care workers in screening and management of NAS with pharmacological treatment and/or non-pharmacological alternatives is needed for early diagnosis and recovery of neonates with NAS and to reduce NAS-related costs in the health system. Keywords: neonate, neonatal abstinence syndrome, Finnegan score scale, breastfeeding, rooming-in care, pharmacotherapy, length of hospital stay (LOS).